Table 2

Associations between in-house access to ultrasonography and characteristics of PCPs and clinics

	AbdUS n (%)	OR (95% CI)*	P value†	PelUS n (%)	OR (95% CI)*	P value†
Characteristics of the PCP
Male	233 (29.5)	1.1 (1.0 to 1.3)	0.101	116 (14.7)	1.0 (0.9 to 1.2)	0.888
Female	285 (22.4)	–	–	175 (13.7)	–	–
<10 years of experience	65 (19.6)	1.0 (0.8 to 1.2)	0.944	46 (13.9)	1.0 (0.8 to 1.2)	0.798
≥10 years of experience	453 (26.1)	–	–	244 (14.1)	–	–
General practitioner	468 (25.4)	0.9 (0.5 to 1.5)	0.657	271 (14.7)	1.4 (0.8 to 2.4)	0.304
Not general practitioner	53 (21.6)	–	–	20 (8.2)	–	–
Characteristics of the clinic
Urban location	350 (28.3)	0.7 (0.4 to 1.2)	0.247	195 (15.8)	0.5 (0.2 to 0.9)	0.028
Not urban location	170 (20.3)	–	–	96 (11.5)	–	–
Large practice	212 (39.1)	2.5 (1.2 to 4.9)	0.008	144 (26.6)	1.9 (1.3 to 2.7)	<0.001
Medium practice	78 (18.1)	1.1 (0.5 to 2.5)	0.765	57 (13.2)	0.8 (0.4 to 1.3)	0.324
Small practice	182 (22.6)	0.6 (0.3 to 1.2)	0.130	78 (9.7)	0.6 (0.4 to 0.9)	0.011
Solo practice	47 (16.4)	–	–	12 (4.2)	–	–
In-house colleague qualified in medical a specialty which traditionally uses ultrasonography†‡	90 (36.1)	2.1 (1.1 to 3.8)	0.016	99 (29.7)	3.0 (1.8 to 5.1)	<0.001

n (%)=absolute number and percentage of dependent variable for each independent variable.
*ORs with 95% CI calculated using a mixed-effects logistic regression model including fixed effects for all variables and random-effects variables interacting with country.
†P values for adjusted OR
‡An in-house colleague who had specialised in internal medicine (for AbdUS) or gynaecology or obstetrics (for PelUS) was considered to have qualified in a medical specialty that traditionally uses ultrasonography.
AbdUS, access to in-house abdominal ultrasonography; PCP, primary care physician; PelUS, access to in-house pelvic ultrasonography.