Univariate logistic regression analysis of the occurrence of DR among all diabetic patients
| Variables | Non-DR (n=1077) | DR (n=233) | Statistics | P value |
| Age (years) | 58.5 (10.6) | 59.1 (10.9) | −0.740 | 0.459 |
| Male | 417 (38.7) | 126 (54.1) | 17.467 | <0.001 |
| Education level (higher or equal to junior middle school) | 456 (42.3) | 121 (51.9) | 6.438 | 0.011 |
| DM duration (years) | −8.884 | <0.001 | ||
| ≤5 | 1024 (95.1) | 181 (77.7) | ||
| ≤10 | 44 (4.1) | 34 (14.6) | ||
| >10 | 9 (0.8) | 18 (7.7) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.2 (3.9) | 26.7 (3.7) | −1.846 | 0.065 |
| Waist:hip ratio | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | −2.917 | 0.004 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 140.7 (19.9) | 143.5 (20.1) | −1.941 | 0.052 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 78.5 (11.2) | 79.1 (10.6) | −0.702 | 0.483 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 7.24 (2.53) | 8.6 (3.5) | −5.641 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.88 (1.56) | 7.7 (2.0) | −5.700 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.4 (1.2) | 5.5 (1.4) | −0.605 | 0.546 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.6 (1.1–2.4) | 1.6 (1.1–2.3) | −0.037 | 0.971 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.4 (0.3) | 1.4 (0.3) | 1.516 | 0.130 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.2 (1.1) | 3.26 (1.16) | −1.095 | 0.274 |
| BUN (μmol/L) | 5.8 (1.7) | 6.0 (1.8) | −1.937 | 0.053 |
| Scr (μmol/L) | 76.5 (30.3) | 78.0 (23.5) | −0.678 | 0.498 |
| UA (μmol/L) | 395.0 (104.6) | 385.1 (103.5) | 1.238 | 0.216 |
BMI, body mass index; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c, glycosylated haemoglobin; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; Scr, serum creatinine; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; UA, uric acid.