Comparison of prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and comorbidity across sex for participants aged 35 years and above (n=7521)
| Characteristics | Male, n (%) | Female, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension (n=838) | Diabetes (n=396) | Co-morbidity (n=120) | Hypertension (n=1392) | Diabetes (n=429) | Comorbidity (n=219) | |
| Age (in years) | ||||||
| 35–39 | 65 (10.5) | 41 (6.7) | 9 (1.5) | 174 (22.2) | 74 (9.4) | 23 (2.9) |
| 40–44 | 103 (17.9) | 48 (8.4) | 9 (1.5) | 206 (28.8) | 76 (10.6) | 30 (4.2) |
| 45–49 | 119 (20.0) | 67 (11.2) | 16 (2.8) | 210 (34.7) | 65 (10.7) | 37 (6.1) |
| 50–54 | 134 (22.7) | 56 (9.6) | 17 (2.9) | 161 (38.5) | 51 (12.2) | 27 (6.4) |
| 55–59 | 70 (23.5) | 57 (19.3) | 19 (6.5) | 164 (44.2) | 56 (15.3) | 38 (10.4) |
| 60–69 | 178 (32.2) | 72 (13.1) | 30 (5.5) | 233 (46.7) | 56 (11.2) | 30 (6.0) |
| 70+ | 170 (35.5) | 54 (11.4) | 19 (4.0) | 244 (57.9) | 51 (12.1) | 35 (8.3) |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.081 | <0.001 |
| Place of residence | ||||||
| Urban | 249 (28.2) | 132 (15.0) | 52 (5.9) | 381 (43.7) | 150 (17.2) | 90 (10.3) |
| Rural | 590 (20.9) | 264 (9.3) | 68 (2.4) | 1011 (34.4) | 279 (9.5) | 129 (4.4) |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Education | ||||||
| No formal education | 275 (19.7) | 110 (7.9) | 21 (1.5) | 1166 (34.8) | 341 (10.2) | 160 (4.8) |
| Up to primary | 206 (19.7) | 101 (9.6) | 25 (2.4) | 156 (45.2) | 54 (15.6) | 33 (9.6) |
| Secondary | 205 (24.8) | 92 (11.1) | 36 (4.3) | 51 (50.5) | 24 (23.6) | 16 (16.3) |
| Higher | 152 (34.8) | 93 (21.4) | 38 (8.6) | 20 (89.3) | 10 (45.1) | 10 (43.1) |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Working status | ||||||
| Unemployed | 208 (38.5) | 89 (16.6) | 34 (6.4) | 1349 (36.2) | 421 (11.3) | 214 (6.4) |
| Farmer | 233 (16.2) | 104 (7.2) | 18 (1.2) | 6 (43.8) | 1 (8.9) | 0 (1.2) |
| Self-employed | 200 (21.1) | 95 (10.0) | 30 (3.2) | 30 (50.9) | 6 (9.6) | 4 (3.2) |
| Business | 188 (26.0) | 98 (13.5) | 36 (4.9) | 3 (36.6) | 1 (7.3) | 1 (4.9) |
| Others | 9 (17.2) | 10 (18.4) | 2 (4.4) | 4 (40.8) | 0 (3.5) | 0 (4.4) |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.115 | 0.961 | 0.795 |
| Mass media | ||||||
| Not exposure | 372 (19.0) | 152 (7.8) | 34 (1.8) | 642 (32.2) | 155 (7.8) | 70 (3.5) |
| Exposure | 466 (26.7) | 244 (14.0) | 86 (4.9) | 750 (41.2) | 274 (15.1) | 149 (8.2) |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Current drug use | ||||||
| Exposure | 205 (21.0) | 103 (10.6) | 25 (2.6) | 370 (37.0) | 94 (9.4) | 50 (5.0) |
| Not exposure | 633 (23.2) | 293 (10.7) | 95 (3.5) | 1018 (36.2) | 332 (11.8) | 168 (6.0) |
| P value | 0.121 | 0.902 | 0.112 | 0.655 | 0.158 | 0.648 |
| Wealth index | ||||||
| Poorest | 108 (14.7) | 58 (7.9) | 10 (1.3) | 220 (30.2) | 49 (6.7) | 19 (2.6) |
| Poorer | 130 (18.1) | 55 (7.6) | 9 (1.3) | 231 (32.4) | 50 (7.0) | 24 (3.3) |
| Middle | 146 (20.3) | 53 (7.3) | 13 (1.9) | 259 (33.6) | 61 (7.9) | 28 (3.7) |
| Richer | 187 (24.6) | 79 (10.4) | 22 (2.9) | 301 (37.6) | 98 (12.2) | 47 (5.8) |
| Richest | 267 (34.6) | 151 (19.6) | 66 (8.5) | 381 (47.5) | 171 (21.4) | 102 (12.7) |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Administrative division | ||||||
| Barisal | 41 (19.9) | 25 (12.2) | 7 (3.3) | 80 (36.3) | 28 (12.9) | 13 (6.1) |
| Chittagong | 113 (19.6) | 86 (14.9) | 36 (6.3) | 213 (31.6) | 92 (13.6) | 48 (7.2) |
| Dhaka | 280 (23.2) | 129 (10.7) | 33 (2.7) | 472 (38) | 147 (11.9) | 84 (6.8) |
| Khulna | 133 (26.6) | 37 (7.5) | 14 (2.7) | 203 (41.2) | 35 (7.2) | 14 (2.9) |
| Rajshahi | 112 (20.8) | 53 (9.8) | 15 (2.8) | 191 (35.4) | 63 (11.7) | 33 (6.1) |
| Rangpur | 123 (26) | 40 (8.5) | 10 (2.1) | 167 (39.3) | 38 (8.9) | 16 (3.8) |
| Sylhet | 36 (17.8) | 26 (12.5) | 6 (2.8) | 66 (30.1) | 25 (11.4) | 10 (4.5) |
| P value | 0.007 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 0.012 | 0.080 | 0.036 |
| Body mass index (n=5213) | ||||||
| Normal (18.50–25) | 516 (23.1) | 235 (10.5) | 66 (2.9) | 394 (48.7) | 105 (12.9) | 69 (8.6) |
| Underweight (<18.50) | 157 (15.0) | 80 (7.6) | 11 (1.1) | 200 (34.4) | 39 (6.6) | 11 (1.9) |
| Overweight or obese (>25) | 126 (38.4) | 69 (21.0) | 38 (11.6) | 150 (69.9) | 61 (28.8) | 45 (21.1) |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Overall total | 838 (22.6) | 396 (10.7) | 120 (3.2) | 1392 (36.5) | 429 (11.2) | 219 (5.7) |
Null Hypothesis (H0): There is no difference in prevalence of hypertension/DM/comorbidity within groups; Alternative Hypothesis (HA): There is difference in prevalence of hypertension/DM/comorbidity within groups. Chi-square test was applied to assess the proportional significant differences within groups; p value<0.05 was considered as level of significance.