Linear regression slope parameter, that is, the difference-in-differences estimate of sex differences in sickness absence 5 years after a hospital admission (imputing zero days of absence for all years after a death for those deceased) for 18 disease categories
| (1) | (2) | (3) | |
| All, n=1 867 013 | 5.156*** | 4.392*** | 5.126*** |
| Accident, n=201 273† | 5.175*** | 6.693*** | 7.771*** |
| Blood, n=9973 | 16.757*** | 12.188*** | 12.320*** |
| Congenital, n=5530 | 5.940 | 3.660 | 4.458 |
| Digestive, n=219 619 | 7.569*** | 7.349*** | 8.137*** |
| Ear, n=25 660 | 4.068* | 4.190* | 5.567*** |
| Endocrine, n=40 538 | 0.240 | 0.122 | 1.212 |
| Eye, n=22 685 | 5.576*** | 6.132*** | 6.717*** |
| Factors, n=55 136 | 0.641 | 2.662** | 4.150*** |
| Genitourinary, n=168 659 | 5.230*** | 1.570* | 1.759* |
| Circulatory (ICD-10=I00–I99), n=255 687 | 7.385*** | 6.900*** | 7.779*** |
| Infection, n=40 946 | 4.349*** | 4.153*** | 4.411*** |
| Mental (ICD-10=F00–F99), n=63 065 | 5.474*** | 4.947*** | 6.713*** |
| Musculoskeletal (ICD-10=M00–M99), n=149 846 | 2.981*** | 4.009*** | 5.592*** |
| Neoplasms (ICD-10=C00–D48), n=223 875 | 6.097*** | 1.108 | 1.626* |
| Nerve, n=44 075 | 9.607*** | 10.469*** | 11.461*** |
| Respiratory, n=81 981 | 7.317*** | 7.294*** | 8.061*** |
| Skin, n=14 040 | 0.114 | 1.342 | 2.710 |
| Symptoms, n=244 425 | 9.487*** | 9.419*** | 10.173*** |
| Covariates‡ | √ | √ | |
| Factors§ | √ |
Column (1) makes no covariate adjustments. Column (2) adjusts for covariates observed before the admission (see notes in the table). Column (3) adjusts for factors (see notes in the table).
*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.
†n is the sample size. This is the number of individuals multiplied by the number of time periods included in the analysis.
‡Age in years, level of education (three levels: less than secondary, secondary and postsecondary), own and spousal earnings, and dummies for whether the individual or the spouse has earnings above the sickness insurance cap.
§Indicators for calendar year, occupational sector and disease category (where feasible).
ICD-10, International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.