Bivariate and multivariable analyses of the categorical factors associated with fatigue as defined by a Fatigue Severity Scale score ≥4 in the Cohorte Lausannoise (CoLaus) study, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2014–2017
| Bivariate | Multivariable | ||||
| No fatigue | Fatigue | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Gender | 0.031 | ||||
| Male | 1066 (47.9) | 268 (43.0) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Female | 1159 (52.1) | 355 (57.0) | 1.25 (0.99 to 1.58) | 0.065 | |
| Age group | <0.001 | ||||
| 45–54 | 643 (28.9) | 236 (37.9) | 1 (ref) | ||
| 55–64 | 724 (32.5) | 209 (33.6) | 0.69 (0.53 to 0.90) | 0.006 | |
| 64–74 | 626 (28.1) | 113 (18.1) | 0.43 (0.31 to 0.59) | <0.001 | |
| 75+ | 232 (10.4) | 65 (10.4) | 0.60 (0.40 to 0.90) | 0.013 | |
| Educational level | 0.017 | ||||
| Primary | 249 (11.2) | 93 (14.9) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Apprenticeship | 794 (35.7) | 221 (35.5) | 1.05 (0.73 to 1.51) | 0.782 | |
| High school | 626 (28.1) | 182 (29.2) | 1.13 (0.78 to 1.64) | 0.520 | |
| University | 556 (25.0) | 127 (20.4) | 0.98 (0.66 to 1.46) | 0.937 | |
| Smoking categories | 0.279 | ||||
| Never | 907 (41.7) | 242 (39.7) | – | ||
| Former | 866 (39.8) | 264 (43.4) | – | ||
| Current | 402 (18.5) | 103 (16.9) | – | ||
| BMI categories | <0.001 | ||||
| Underweight | 37 (1.7) | 5 (0.8) | 0.69 (0.24 to 2.01) | 0.495 | |
| Normal | 920 (41.4) | 219 (35.2) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Overweight | 914 (41.1) | 243 (39.0) | 1.01 (0.78 to 1.31) | 0.942 | |
| Obese | 354 (15.9) | 156 (25.0) | 1.40 (1.03 to 1.91) | 0.032 | |
| Insomnia categories | <0.001 | ||||
| No insomnia | 1782 (86.2) | 335 (62.6) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Subthreshold | 233 (11.3) | 114 (21.3) | 1.57 (1.16 to 2.13) | 0.003 | |
| Clinical insomnia | 53 (2.6) | 86 (16.1) | 3.76 (2.41 to 5.86) | <0.001 | |
| Caffeinated drinks | 0.147 | ||||
| None | 205 (9.5) | 75 (12.3) | – | ||
| 1–3/day | 1418 (65.5) | 374 (61.5) | – | ||
| 4–6/day | 471 (21.8) | 137 (22.5) | – | ||
| 7+/day | 70 (3.2) | 22 (3.6) | – | ||
| Self-rated health | <0.001 | ||||
| Very good | 621 (27.9) | 58 (9.3) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Good | 1323 (59.5) | 294 (47.2) | 1.94 (1.39 to 2.71) | <0.001 | |
| Average | 270 (12.1) | 232 (37.2) | 5.55 (3.78 to 8.14) | <0.001 | |
| Bad + very bad | 11 (0.5) | 39 (6.3) | 14.1 (5.95 to 33.4) | <0.001 | |
| Cardiovascular disease | 0.697 | ||||
| No | 2036 (91.5) | 567 (91.0) | – | ||
| Yes | 189 (8.5) | 56 (9.0) | – | ||
| Diabetes | <0.001 | ||||
| No | 2069 (93.2) | 547 (87.9) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Yes | 151 (6.8) | 75 (12.1) | 1.24 (0.82 to 1.87) | 0.306 | |
| Depression (CES-D) | <0.001 | ||||
| No | 2026 (93.8) | 404 (67.6) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Yes | 135 (6.3) | 194 (32.4) | 3.26 (2.38 to 4.46) | <0.001 | |
| Anaemia | 0.008 | ||||
| No | 2151 (96.7) | 588 (94.4) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Yes | 74 (3.3) | 35 (5.6) | 1.70 (1.00 to 2.89) | 0.049 | |
| Ferritin categories | 0.436 | ||||
| >50 | 2016 (90.6) | 558 (89.6) | – | ||
| Normal + low | 209 (9.4) | 65 (10.4) | – | ||
| TSH categories | 0.017 | ||||
| High (>4.22) | 197 (8.9) | 56 (9.0) | 1.13 (0.77 to 1.66) | 0.533 | |
| Normal (0.27–4.22) | 2015 (90.6) | 556 (89.3) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Low (<0.27) | 13 (0.6) | 11 (1.8) | 2.50 (0.91 to 6.85) | 0.075 | |
| Free T4 categories | 0.651 | ||||
| High (>22) | 47 (2.1) | 17 (2.7) | – | ||
| Normal (12–22) | 2122 (95.4) | 591 (94.9) | – | ||
| Low (<12) | 56 (2.5) | 15 (2.4) | – | ||
| Antihypertensives | 0.108 | ||||
| No | 1550 (69.7) | 413 (66.3) | – | ||
| Yes | 675 (30.3) | 210 (33.7) | – | ||
| Antihistamines | 0.007 | ||||
| No | 2181 (98) | 599 (96.2) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Yes | 44 (2.0) | 24 (3.9) | 1.30 (0.69 to 2.46) | 0.417 | |
| Antidepressants | <0.001 | ||||
| No | 2062 (92.7) | 508 (81.5) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Yes | 163 (7.3) | 115 (18.5) | 1.44 (1.02 to 2.04) | 0.040 | |
| Hypnotics | <0.001 | ||||
| No | 2146 (96.5) | 580 (93.1) | 1 (ref) | ||
| Yes | 79 (3.6) | 43 (6.9) | 0.57 (0.32 to 1.03) | 0.062 | |
Results are expressed as the number of participants (row percentage) for the bivariate analysis and as multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI) for the multivariable analysis. Bivariate analysis performed using χ2; multivariable analysis performed using logistic regression. Only variables with p<0.05 in the bivariate analysis were retained for the multivariable analysis.
–, not retained; BMI, body mass index; CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone; ref, reference.