Demographic characteristics of the three study groups: e-learning alone (E), e-learning plus standard simulation (E+S) and e-learning plus proficiency-based progression simulation (E+PBP)
| Study group | E | E+S | E+PBP | Total | |
| n=30 | n=30 | n=30 | n=90 | ||
| Discipline | Nursing (%) | 15 (50.0%) | 15 (50.0%) | 15 (50.0%) | 45 (50.0%) |
| Medicine (%) | 15 (50.0%) | 15 (50.0%) | 15 (50.0%) | 45 (50.0%) | |
| Age group | 18–23 years (%) | 21 (70.0%) | 19 (63.3%) | 20 (66.7%) | 60 (66.7%) |
| 24–29 years (%) | 7 (23.3%) | 8 (26.7%) | 9 (30.0%) | 24 (26.7%) | |
| >30 years (%) | 2 (6.7%) | 3 (10.0%) | 1 (3.3%) | 6 (6.7%) | |
| Gender | Male (%) | 6 (20.0%) | 5 (16.7%) | 6 (20.0%) | 17 (18.9%) |
| Female (%) | 24 (80.0%) | 22 (83.3%) | 24 (80.0%) | 73 (81.1%) | |
| Nationality | Irish (%) | 22 (73.3%) | 24 (80.0%) | 21 (70.0%) | 67 (74.4%) |
| Non-Irish (%) | 8 (26.7%) | 6 (20.0%) | 9 (30.0%) | 23 (25.6%) | |
| First language | English (%) | 25 (83.3%) | 22 (73.3%) | 19 (63.3%) | 66 (73.3%) |
| Other (%) | 5 (16.7%) | 4 (13.3%) | 7 (23.3%) | 16 (17.8%) | |
| Not available (%) | – | 4 (13.3%) | 4 (13.3%) | 8 (8.9%) | |