Association of fatty liver index (FLI) with incident type 2 diabetes by metabolic syndrome status (subanalyses)
| No metabolic syndrome | Number of subjects (% with T2D) (IR) | Model 1 hour (95% CI) | Model 2 hour (95% CI) |
| FLI* | 1427 (16.7) (9) | 1.021 (1.015 to 1.027) | 1.017 (1.010 to 1.025)† |
| FLI category | |||
| ≤30 (Ref.) | 803 (11.5) (6) | 1.00 | 1.00‡ |
| 30-<60 | 456 (20.0) (11) | 1.81 (1.33 to 2.46) | 1.58 (1.14 to 2.19) |
| ≥60 | 168 (33.3) (18) | 3.07 (2.14 to 4.41) | 2.38 (1.58 to 3.58) |
| P trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | |
| Metabolic syndrome | |||
| FLI* | 358 (37.7) (24) | 1.007 (0.997 to 1.016) | 0.996(0.992-1.000)§ |
| FLI category | |||
| ≤30 (Ref.) | 29 (31.0) (23) | 1.000 | 1.000¶ |
| 30–<60 | 91 (36.3) (21) | 0.77 (0.35 to 1.70) | 0.80 (0.59 to 1.09) |
| ≥60 | 238 (39.1) (25) | 1.02 (0.49 to 2.16) | 0.79 (0.58 to 1.06) |
| P trend | 0.42 | 0.22 | |
| Category by FLI and MS status | |||
| FLI ≤30 MS | 803 (11.5) (6) | 1.000 | – |
| FLI 30–<60 MS | 456 (20.0) (11) | 1.79 (1.33 to 2.41) | – |
| FLI ≥60 MS | 168 (33.3) (18) | 3.19 (2.26 to 4.51) | – |
| FLI ≤30 MS+ | 29 (31.0) (23) | 4.31 (2.15 to 8.61) | – |
| FLI 30–<60MS+ | 91 (36.3) (21) | 3.77 (2.50 to 5.70) | – |
| FLI ≥60MS+ | 238 (39.1) (25) | 4.66 (3.42 to 6.35) | – |
Model 1: FLI, age, examination date, family history of diabetes, smoking pack years, alcohol consumption per week, physical activity, fruit–berry–vegetable consumption, C reactive protein, leukocytes, thrombocytes, fibrinogen and ferritin.
Model 2: Model 1 plus systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, insulin, LDL and HDL.
*FLI uncategorised.IR – incidence rate per 1000 person-years
†Other independent predictors of T2D in the model were serum ferritin and insulin.
‡Other independent predictors of T2D in the model were serum ferritin and insulin.
§Independent predictors of T2D in the model were fasting glucose and insulin.
¶Independent predictors of T2D in the model were fasting glucose and insulin.
Statistically significant at p≤0.05.
IR, incidence rate per 1000 person-years; MS, metabolic syndrome; MS−, metabolic syndrome negative; MS+, metabolic syndrome positive; T2D, type 2 diabetes.