Sample characteristics and retinal vessel calibre measures, stratified by sex, of children and parents
| Sample characteristics | Mean (SD)* | ||
| All | Male | Female | |
| Children† | (n=1288) | (n=633) | (n=655) |
| Age, years | 11.96 (0.4) | 11.96 (0.4) | 11.96 (0.4) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 19.4 (3.6) | 19.2 (3.6) | 19.6 (3.6) |
| BMI z-score | 0.37 (1.00) | 0.37 (1.02) | 0.38 (0.99) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 108.7 (8.2) | 108.3 (8.4) | 109.1 (7.9) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 63.3 (5.7) | 63.0 (6.1) | 63.6 (5.2) |
| Neighbourhood Disadvantage Index | 1011.2 (61.0) | 1009.6 (63.2) | 1012.8 (58.8) |
| Diabetes (%) | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.6 |
| Eye condition or glasses/contact lenses (%) | 20.9 | 17.9 | 23.8 |
| Retinal vessel measures | |||
| CRAE, µm | 159.5 (11.8) | 156.8 (11.8) | 162.1 (11.2) |
| CRVE, µm | 231.1 (16.5) | 227.8 (15.6) | 234.3 (16.8) |
| AVR | 0.69 (0.05) | 0.69 (0.05) | 0.69 (0.05) |
| Parents‡ | (n=1264) | (n=169) | (n=1095) |
| Age, years | 43.7 (5.6) | 46.2 (6.5) | 43.4 (5.3) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.4 (6.5) | 28.7 (4.2) | 28.3 (6.7) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 120.5 (12.9) | 128.4 (11.6) | 119.3 (12.7) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 73.8 (8.8) | 78.3 (8.4) | 73.1 (8.6) |
| Diabetes (%) | 2.9 | 5.3 | 2.6 |
| Eye condition or glasses/contact lenses (%) | 53.2 | 47.0 | 54.12 |
| Retinal vessel measures | |||
| CRAE, µm | 151.5 (14.0) | 148.4 (14.3) | 152.0 (13.8) |
| CRVE, µm | 220.6 (19.0) | 217.9 (21.3) | 221.0 (18.6) |
| AVR | 0.69 (0.06) | 0.68 (0.06) | 0.69 (0.06) |
*Mean (SD), unless otherwise specified. †n for each child variable ranges from 1213 to 1288.
‡n for each parent variable ranges from 1169 to 1264.
AVR, arteriolar–venular ratio; BMI, body mass index; CRAE, central retinal arteriolar equivalent; CRVE, central retinal venular equivalent.