The case fatality rate (CFR) of each comorbidity in patients hospitalised with influenza-like illness among the three age groups and all patients in Taiwan, 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2010
| All patients | Paediatric patients (0–17 years) | Adult patients (18–64 years) | Elderly patients (≥65 years) | |||||||||
| CFR (%) | Diff (%)† | OR (95% CI) | CFR (%) | Diff (%)† | OR (95% CI) | CFR (%) | Diff (%)† | OR (95% CI) | CFR (%) | Diff (%)† | OR (95% CI) | |
| Fatality rate in the group | 6.3 | 0.2 | 3.8 | 11.4 | ||||||||
| Comorbidities† | ||||||||||||
| Heart disease | 11.0 | +6.3 | 2.52 (2.38 to 2.66)* | 6.9 | +6.8 | 48.94 (20.97 to 114.19)* | 5.6 | +2.1 | 1.66 (1.42 to 1.93)* | 12.3 | +1.6 | 1.17 (1.10 to 1.25)* |
| PVD | 13.3 | +7.1 | 2.32 (2.01 to 2.68)* | 0.0 | −0.2 | − | 9.3 | +5.5 | 2.63 (1.76 to 3.93)* | 14.2 | +2.9 | 1.30 (1.12 to 1.52)* |
| Hypertension | 9.5 | +5.0 | 2.24 (2.11 to 2.36)* | 7.1 | +7.0 | 43.48 (9.94 to 190.24)* | 5.2 | +1.9 | 1.61 (1.41 to 1.84)* | 10.7 | −1.8 | 0.84 (0.78 to 0.89)* |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 6.2 | −0.2 | 0.97 (0.88 to 1.07) | 0.0 | −0.2 | − | 3.4 | −0.4 | 0.89 (0.72 to 1.10) | 8.2 | −3.7 | 0.66 (0.59 to 0.74)* |
| CVA | 11.6 | +6.7 | 2.51 (2.36 to 2.66)* | 9.1 | +8.9 | 58.18 (16.94 to 199.76)* | 7.1 | +3.7 | 2.19 (1.86 to 2.57)* | 12.6 | +1.9 | 1.20 (1.12 to 1.28)* |
| Dementia/Epilepsy | 12.1 | +6.4 | 2.28 (2.12 to 2.45)* | 1.9 | +1.8 | 13.46 (6.32 to 28.69)* | 5.9 | +2.2 | 1.62 (1.27 to 2.08)* | 14.0 | +3.1 | 1.34 (1.24 to 1.44)* |
| COPD/Asthma | 7.7 | +2.3 | 1.45 (1.37 to 1.53)* | 0.1 | −0.1 | 0.65 (0.27 to 1.55) | 4.2 | +0.6 | 1.17 (1.01 to 1.35)* | 10.2 | −3.0 | 0.75 (0.70 to 0.80)* |
| Allergic rhinitis | 2.3 | −4.7 | 0.31 (0.27 to 0.35)* | 0.0 | −0.2 | 0.08 (0.01 to 0.62)* | 1.1 | −3.1 | 0.25 (0.18 to 0.35)* | 8.2 | −3.4 | 0.68 (0.59 to 0.79)* |
| Autoimmune disease | 7.7 | +1.4 | 1.24 (0.92 to 1.66) | 0.0 | −0.2 | − | 4.8 | +1.0 | 1.27 (0.77 to 2.12) | 12.2 | +0.8 | 1.08 (0.75 to 1.56) |
| Severe liver disease | 9.3 | +3.0 | 1.52 (1.02 to 2.27)* | − | − | 6.3 | +2.5 | 1.72 (0.98 to 3.03) | 16.9 | +5.5 | 1.58 (0.89 to 2.81) | |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 10.1 | +4.6 | 1.91 (1.79 to 2.04)* | 0.0 | −0.2 | − | 5.2 | +1.7 | 1.51 (1.29 to 1.76)* | 12.2 | +1.1 | 1.11 (1.04 to 1.20)* |
| Diabetes | 10.6 | +5.3 | 2.10 (1.98 to 2.23)* | 0.0 | −0.2 | − | 6.6 | +3.4 | 2.13 (1.85 to 2.46)* | 12.0 | +0.9 | 1.09 (1.02 to 1.16)* |
| Gout | 9.0 | +2.8 | 1.49 (1.34 to 1.66)* | 0.0 | −0.2 | − | 4.5 | +0.7 | 1.20 (0.93 to 1.57) | 10.9 | −0.5 | 0.95 (0.84 to 1.06) |
| Hyperthyroidism | 7.6 | +1.2 | 1.21 (0.88 to 1.66) | 0.0 | −0.2 | − | 4.4 | +0.6 | 1.17 (0.67 to 2.04) | 11.7 | +0.3 | 1.03 (0.69 to 1.53) |
| Hypothyroidism | 13.1 | +6.8 | 2.24 (1.75 to 2.87)* | 0.0 | −0.2 | − | 5.8 | +2.0 | 1.56 (0.82 to 2.95) | 17.9 | +6.5 | 1.70 (1.29 to 2.24)* |
| CKD | 14.0 | +8.3 | 2.70 (2.51 to 2.92)* | 1.4 | +1.3 | 7.95 (1.07 to 58.78)* | 8.4 | +4.8 | 2.50 (2.04 to 3.05)* | 15.7 | +5.0 | 1.56 (1.43 to 1.69)* |
| Cancer without metastasis | 12.9 | +7.8 | 2.75 (2.50 to 3.03)* | 6.7 | +6.5 | 53.79 (18.18 to 159.17)* | 8.2 | +6.0 | 3.91 (3.13 to 4.89)* | 15.0 | +4.8 | 1.55 (1.39 to 1.73)* |
| Metastatic cancer | 19.9 | +14.8 | 4.64 (4.27 to 5.03)* | 5.9 | +5.8 | 47.07 (10.72 to 206.65)* | 17.8 | +15.6 | 9.48 (8.17 to 10.99)* | 21.8 | +11.6 | 2.46 (2.21 to 2.73)* |
| Haematological malignancy | 14.9 | +9.8 | 3.25 (2.70 to 3.91)* | 3.4 | +3.3 | 26.52 (10.04 to 70.04)* | 14.1 | +11.9 | 7.18 (5.21 to 9.90)* | 19.2 | +9.0 | 2.10 (1.65 to 2.67)* |
| Congenital immunodeficiency | 3.3 | −3.0 | 0.51 (0.07 to 3.74) | 0.0 | −0.2 | − | 14.3 | +10.5 | 4.24 (0.51 to 35.24) | − | − | |
| Organ transplantation | 4.1 | −2.3 | 0.62 (0.26 to 1.53) | 0.0 | −0.2 | − | 3.0 | −0.8 | 0.79 (0.25 to 2.48) | 10.5 | −0.9 | 0.91 (0.21 to 3.96) |
| AIDS | 14.3 | +8.0 | 2.46 (1.21 to 4.99)* | 0.0 | −0.2 | − | 15.8 | +12.0 | 4.80 (2.35 to 9.81)* | 0.0 | −11.4 | − |
| Tuberculosis | 13.2 | +7.2 | 2.36 (2.11 to 2.62)* | 0.0 | −0.2 | − | 9.0 | +5.3 | 2.61 (2.00 to 3.40)* | 14.7 | +3.6 | 1.37 (1.22 to 1.55)* |
| Mental illness | 6.9 | +0.5 | 1.09 (0.91 to 1.31) | 2.6 | +2.4 | 14.45 (1.93 to 108.12)* | 3.6 | −0.2 | 0.96 (0.70 to 1.30) | 14.0 | +2.7 | 1.27 (1.00 to 1.61)* |
| Pregnancy/Post partum‡ | 0.0 | −5.2 | − | 0.0 | −0.1 | − | 0.0 | −2.5 | − | − | − | |
*P<0.05.
†The difference of CFR represented the value of CFR in patients with the index comorbidity minus the value of CFR in patients without the index comorbidity.
‡Comparison between the females in each group.
CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; PVD, peripheral vascular disease.