Overall sample n=153 125 | Dementia diagnosis* | ||
No n=112 169 | Yes n=40 956 | ||
Age (years) | |||
Mean±SD | 80.08±10.65 | 78.92±11.28 | 83.27±7.85 |
Median (IQR) | 82 (74–88) | 81 (71–88) | 84 (79–89) |
Female sex | 99 040 (64.7%) | 73 133 (65.2%) | 25 907 (63.3%) |
Marital status | |||
Married | 58 389 (38.1%) | 41 127 (36.7%) | 17 262 (42.1%) |
Widowed | 68 353 (44.6%) | 49 151 (43.8%) | 19 202 (46.9%) |
Separated/divorced | 14 771 (9.6%) | 12 131 (10.8%) | 2640 (6.4%) |
Never married/other | 11 612 (7.6%) | 9760 (8.7%) | 1852 (4.5%) |
Rural–urban residence† | |||
Urban | 133 619 (87.3%) | 97 160 (86.6%) | 36 459 (89.0%) |
Rural | 19 502 (12.7%) | 15 007 (13.4%) | 4495 (11.0%) |
Income quintile† | |||
1 (low) | 36 889 (24.1%) | 28 642 (25.5%) | 8247 (20.1%) |
2 | 32 812 (21.4%) | 24 444 (21.8%) | 8368 (20.4%) |
3 | 29 656 (19.4%) | 21 503 (19.2%) | 8153 (19.9%) |
4 | 28 217 (18.4%) | 19 943 (17.8%) | 8274 (20.2%) |
5 (high) | 24 963 (16.3%) | 17 193 (15.3%) | 7770 (19.0%) |
Number of chronic conditions (excl. dementia) | |||
0–1 | 12 437 (8.1%) | 8312 (7.4%) | 4125 (10.1%) |
2 | 20 112 (13.1%) | 13 805 (12.3%) | 6307 (15.4%) |
3 | 28 867 (18.9%) | 20 560 (18.3%) | 8307 (20.3%) |
4 | 29 459 (19.2%) | 21 660 (19.3%) | 7799 (19.0%) |
5 | 24 422 (15.9%) | 18 485 (16.5%) | 5937 (14.5%) |
6+ | 37 828 (24.7%) | 29 347 (26.2%) | 8481 (20.7%) |
Frailty index (modified) | |||
Mean±SD | 0.24±0.09 | 0.24±0.09 | 0.25±0.10 |
Median (IQR) | 0.23 (0.18–0.30) | 0.23 (0.17–0.30) | 0.25 (0.18–0.32) |
Robust | 52 113 (34.0%) | 39 214 (35.0%) | 12 899 (31.5%) |
Prefrail | 61 450 (40.1%) | 45 788 (40.8%) | 15 662 (38.2%) |
Frail | 39 562 (25.8%) | 27 167 (24.2%) | 12 395 (30.3%) |
Outcomes over follow-up | |||
Died | 22 439 (14.7%) | 16 334 (14.6%) | 6105 (14.9%) |
Admitted to LTC | 24 704 (16.1%) | 12 413 (11.1%) | 12 291 (30.0%) |
Urgent hospital admission | 58 551 (38.2%) | 43 504 (38.8%) | 15 047 (36.7%) |
*All differences are statistically significant at p<0.001 except for mortality outcome (p=0.092).
†Less than 0.4% of the cohort with missing data for one or both of these covariates.
LTC, long-term care.