Characteristics of the cohort at study entry (note: missing categories omitted)
| Characteristic | Female (n=2 279 097) | Male (n=2 294 178) | Everyone (n=4 573 275) |
| Age (years), n (%) | |||
| 18–39 | 807 015 (35.4) | 904 018 (39.4) | 1 711 033 (37.4) |
| 40–49 | 437 734 (19.2) | 475 130 (20.7) | 912 864 (20.0) |
| 50–59 | 370 235 (16.2) | 379 112 (16.5) | 749 347 (16.4) |
| 60–69 | 286 951 (12.6) | 278 903 (12.2) | 565 854 (12.4) |
| 70–79 | 212 826 (9.3) | 174 193 (7.6) | 387 019 (8.5) |
| 80–89 | 132 990 (5.8) | 73 456 (3.2) | 206 446 (4.5) |
| ≥90 | 31 346 (1.4) | 9366 (0.4) | 40 712 (0.9) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| White | 512 088 (22.5) | 441 467 (19.2) | 953 555 (20.9) |
| Asian | 42 888 (1.9) | 43 623 (1.9) | 86 511 (1.9) |
| Black | 19 819 (0.9) | 17 302 (0.8) | 37 121 (0.8) |
| Mixed | 316 792 (13.9) | 303 891 (13.2) | 620 683 (13.6) |
| Other | 13 933 (0.6) | 14 310 (0.6) | 28 243 (0.6) |
| Index of multiple deprivation, n (%) | |||
| 1 (least deprived) | 334 473 (14.7) | 337 305 (14.7) | 671 778 (14.7) |
| 2 | 340 977 (15.0) | 337 861 (14.7) | 678 838 (14.8) |
| 3 | 293 127 (12.9) | 294 250 (12.8) | 587 377 (12.8) |
| 4 | 269 680 (11.8) | 277 279 (12.1) | 546 959 (12.0) |
| 5 (most deprived) | 206 571 (9.1) | 217 148 (9.5) | 423 719 (9.3) |
| Chronic kidney disease stage, n (%) | |||
| 1 | 699 (0.0) | 608 (0.0) | 1307 (0.0) |
| 2 | 2512 (0.1) | 2009 (0.1) | 4521 (0.1) |
| 3 | 8149 (0.4) | 4760 (0.2) | 12 909 (0.3) |
| 4 | 687 (0.0) | 459 (0.0) | 1146 (0.0) |
| 5 | 73 (0.0) | 75 (0.0) | 148 (0.0) |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m2), n (%) | |||
| ≥90 | 142 918 (6.3) | 154 064 (6.7) | 296 982 (6.5) |
| 60–89 | 512 731 (22.5) | 459 469 (20.0) | 972 200 (21.3) |
| 45–59 | 188 796 (8.3) | 95 043 (4.1) | 283 839 (6.2) |
| 30–44 | 52 765 (2.3) | 23 242 (1.0) | 76 007 (1.7) |
| 15–29 | 10 543 (0.5) | 5782 (0.3) | 16 325 (0.4) |
| <15 | 833 (0.0) | 480 (0.0) | 1313 (0.0) |
| Albuminuria (mg/mmol), n (%) | |||
| <3.0 | 39 442 (1.7) | 42 665 (1.9) | 82 107 (1.8) |
| 3–30 | 11 978 (0.5) | 14 489 (0.6) | 26 467 (0.6) |
| >30 | 3096 (0.1) | 3757 (0.2) | 6853 (0.1) |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Atrial fibrillation | 37 041 (1.6) | 28 662 (1.2) | 65 703 (1.4) |
| Cancer | 44 136 (1.9) | 52 068 (2.3) | 96 204 (2.1) |
| Diabetes | 267 791 (11.7) | 238 922 (10.4) | 506 713 (11.1) |
| Heart failure | 12 692 (0.6) | 12 964 (0.6) | 25 656 (0.6) |
| Hypertension | 21 381 (0.9) | 21 497 (0.9) | 42 878 (0.9) |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 49 227 (2.2) | 59 621 (2.6) | 1 08 848 (2.4) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 19 153 (0.8) | 21 166 (0.9) | 40 319 (0.9) |
| Stroke/transient ischaemic attack | 21 988 (1.0) | 21 774 (0.9) | 43 762 (1.0) |
| Thyroid disease | 73 289 (3.2) | 16 009 (0.7) | 89 298 (2.0) |