Identity of participants who ‘always’ performed hand hygiene after using the toilet, bedpan or commode using the characteristics of the patients and their family members of caregivers
| Characteristic | Always perform hand hygiene n/N (%) | Unadjusted OR | Adjusted OR | ||
| OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Identity of the respondents | |||||
| Patient | 186/242 (76.9) | 1 | |||
| Family members/caregivers | 49/68 (72.1) | 0.78 (0.42 to 1.43) | 0.42 | ||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 125/165 (75.8) | 1 | |||
| Female | 110/145 (75.9) | 0.99 (0.59 to 1.67) | 0.98 | ||
| Age, years | |||||
| <30 | 39/57 (68.4) | 1 | |||
| 30–39 | 28/34 (82.4) | 2.15 (0.76 to 6.12) | 0.15 | ||
| 40–49 | 43/56 (76.8) | 1.53 (0.66 to 3.52) | 0.32 | ||
| 50–59 | 54/72 (75.0) | 1.39 (0.64 to 3.00) | 0.41 | ||
| ≥60 | 71/91 (78.9) | 1.64 (0.78 to 3.46) | 0.20 | ||
| Education level | |||||
| Primary or below | 59/77 (76.6) | 1 | |||
| Junior high school | 59/88 (67.0) | 0.62 (0.31 to 1.24) | 0.18 | ||
| Senior high school | 51/62 (82.3) | 1.41 (0.61 to 3.27) | 0.42 | ||
| Technical secondary school | 14/20 (70.0) | 0.71 (0.24 to 2.12) | 0.54 | ||
| College | 28/34 (82.4) | 1.42 (0.51 to 3.98) | 0.50 | ||
| Undergraduate | 23/28 (82.1) | 1.40 (0.47 to 4.22) | 0.55 | ||
| Postgraduate or above | 1/1 (100) | / | 1.00 | ||
| Occupation | |||||
| Farmer | 56/67 (83.6) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Workman | 23/27 (85.2) | 1.13 (0.33 to 3.92) | 0.85 | 0.85 (0.21 to 3.39) | 0.82 |
| Clerk | 34/47 (72.3) | 0.51 (0.21 to 1.28) | 0.15 | 0.18 (0.05 to 0.61) | 0.006 |
| Medical staff | 2/2 (100) | / | 1.00 | / | 1.00 |
| Teacher | 2/3 (66.7) | 0.39 (0.03 to 4.72) | 0.46 | 0.15 (0.01 to 2.26) | 0.17 |
| Student | 8/13 (61.5) | 0.31 (0.09 to 1.14) | 0.08 | 0.22 (0.04 to 1.24) | 0.09 |
| Freelancers | 23/34 (67.6) | 0.41 (0.16 to 1.08) | 0.07 | 0.18 (0.05 to 0.62) | 0.007 |
| Unemployed | 34/45 (75.6) | 0.61 (0.24 to 1.55) | 0.30 | 0.58 (0.21 to 1.61) | 0.29 |
| Retiree | 53/72 (73.6) | 0.55 (0.24 to 1.26) | 0.16 | 0.36 (0.12 to 1.08) | 0.07 |
| Place of residence | |||||
| Urban | 117/147 (79.6) | 1 | |||
| Town | 37/53 (69.8) | 0.59 (0.29 to 1.21) | 0.15 | ||
| Village | 81/110 (73.6) | 0.72 (0.40 to 1.28) | 0.26 | ||
| Income (¥/year) | |||||
| <50 000 | 153/206 (74.3) | 1 | |||
| 50 000~100 000 | 61/80 (76.3) | 1.11 (0.61 to 2.03) | 0.73 | ||
| 100 000~200 000 | 16/18 (88.9) | 2.77 (0.62 to 12.46) | 0.18 | ||
| >200 000 | 5/6 (83.3) | 1.73 (0.20 to 15.16) | 0.62 | ||
| No of hospitalisations | |||||
| 1 | 87/117 (74.4) | 1 | |||
| 2 | 59/74 (79.7) | 1.36 (0.67 to 2.74) | 0.40 | ||
| ≥3 | 89/119 (74.8) | 1.02 (0.57 to 1.84) | 0.94 | ||
| The length of hospital stay at the time the questionnaire was completed (days) | |||||
| 1–3 | 22/67 (32.8) | 1 | |||
| 4–6 | 32/107 (29.9) | 0.87 (0.45 to 1.68) | 0.69 | ||
| 7–9 | 13/49 (26.5) | 0.74 (0.33 to 1.67) | 0.47 | ||
| 10–13 | 15/51 (29.4) | 0.85 (0.39 to 1.88) | 0.69 | ||
| ≥14 | 9/36 (25.0) | 0.68 (0.27 to 1.70) | 0.41 | ||
| Ward | |||||
| Medical ward | 86/110 (78.2) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Surgical ward | 117/144 (81.3) | 1.21 (0.65 to 2.24) | 0.55 | 1.27 (0.58 to 2.80) | 0.55 |
| Obstetrics/gynaecology ward | 14/23 (60.9) | 0.43 (0.17 to 1.13) | 0.09 | 0.18 (0.04 to 0.80) | 0.02 |
| Paediatric ward | 6/9 (66.7) | 0.56 (0.13 to 3.40) | 0.43 | 0.95 (0.12 to 7.39) | 0.96 |
| Infectious diseases ward | 10/15 (66.7) | 0.56 (0.17 to 1.79) | 0.33 | 0.51 (0.13 to 2.04) | 0.34 |
| ICU | 2/9 (22,2) | 0.08 (0.02 to 0.41) | 0.002 | 0.06 (0.01 to 0.45) | 0.006 |
| Was surgery performed this time? | |||||
| No | 135/178 (75.8) | 1 | |||
| Yes | 100/132 (75.8) | 1.01 (0.59 to 1.70) | 0.99 | ||
| Is there any infection? | |||||
| No | 171/224 (76.3) | 1 | |||
| Yes | 64/86 (74.4) | 1.11 (0.63 to 1.97) | 0.72 | ||
ICU, intensive care unit.