Summary of subgroup meta-analysis of T2DM, IFG and IGT in women aged 15–54 years
| Subgroup | T2DM | IFG | IGT | |||||
| No of studies | Prevalence (95% CI) | I2, p value | Prevalence (95% CI) | I2, p value | Prevalence (95% CI) | I2, p value | ||
| Overall | 39 | 7.2 (5.6 to 8.9) | 98%, <0.001 | 6.0 (4.2 to 8.2) | 96%, <0.001 | 7.0 (3.5 to 11.2) | 95.9%, <0.001 | |
| Setting | Urban | 11 | 9.2 (5.5 to 13.7) | 97.7%, <0.001 | 6.6 (0.8 to 17.3) | 99%, <0.001 | 6.0 (2.3 to 10.1) | 95.9%, <0.001 |
| Rural | 2 | 4.2 (3.3 to 5.2) | 90.7%, <0.001 | 3.8 (2.6 to 5.4) | – | – | – | |
| Both urban and rural | 26 | 6.6 (4.9 to 8.6) | 98.2%, <0.001 | 5.9 (4.1 to 8.0) | 98%, <0.001 | 6.0 (2.3 to 10.1) | 95.9%, <0.001 | |
| Age group (years) | 15–24 | 10 | 2.0 (0.9 to 3.4) | 83.2%, <0.001 | 7.1 (1.3 to 10.4) | 99.4%, <0.001 | 1.9 (0.5 to 4.1) | – |
| 15–29 | 7 | 3.6 (1.2 to 7.4) | 98.1, <0.001 | 5.3 (3.1 to 8.1) | 97.5%, <0.001 | 2.1 (1.3 to 3.3) | – | |
| 25–34 | 22 | 3.0 (1.7 to 4.5) | 90.0%, <0.001 | 5.1 (2.7 to 8.1) | 97.0%, <0.001 | 0.6 (0.0 to 7.3) | 92.3%, <0.001 | |
| 25–44 | 2 | 8.4 (7.2 to 9.7) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| 30–44 | 4 | 9.7 (5.0 to 15.6) | 97.2%, <0.001 | – | – | – | – | |
| 30–39 | 5 | 4.3 (3.3 to 5.5) | 36.9%, 0.17 | – | – | – | – | |
| 35–44 | 2 | 7.1 (5.3 to 9.1) | 91.5%, <0.001 | 6.5 (5.3 to 7.9) | – | 10.9 (5.8 to 17.3) | 89.6%, <0.001 | |
| 35–54 | 2 | 2.9 (1.2 to 5.2) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| 40–49 | 6 | 9.4 (5.4 to 14.2) | 88.0%, <0.001 | – | – | – | – | |
| 45–54 | 23 | 13.1 (9.8 to 16.8) | 94.3%, <0.001 | – | – | 16.8 (8.3 to 27.6) | 95.1%, <0.001 | |
| 20–40 | 1 | 4.6 (1.9 to 9.1) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| 30–49 | 1 | 1.6 (0.9 to 2.6) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| <50 | 1 | 4.0 (1.1 to 10.0) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| 15–34 | 1 | 1.4 (0.5 to 2.67) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| 35–54 | 1 | 2.9 (1.2 to 5.2) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| 20–40 | 1 | 4.6 (1.9 to 9.1) | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Diagnostic method | FPG | 27 | 6.1 (4.6 to 7.8) | 98.2%, <0.001 | 5.3 (3.5 to 7.5) | 98.0%, <0.001 | – | – |
| OGTT | 12 | 10 (6.2 to 14.5) | 97.7%, <0.001 | 7.3 (2.9 to 13.5) | 93.7%, <0.001 | – | – | |
| Period of publication | 2000–2011 | 18 | 6.5 (4.6 to 8.6) | 98.5%, <0.001 | 5.8 (3.6 to 8.5) | 98.6%, <0.001 | – | – |
| 2012–2016 | 21 | 7.8 (5.6 to 10.4) | 97.0%, <0.001 | 6.4 (3.2 to 10.7) | 97.9%, <0.001 | – | – | |
| Representativeness | Nationally representative | 20 | 7.4 (5.4 to 9.8) | 98.3%, <0.001 | – | – | – | – |
| Local/regional studies | 19 | 6.9 (4.6 to 9.6) | 98.3%, <0.001 | – | – | – | – | |
FPG, fasting plasma glucose; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.