Table 5

Estimates from multilevel models showing mean differences in grip strength (kg) by birth weight and childhood cognition in 1211 Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development women (2709 observations), adjusted for age term and standardised adult height and then additionally adjusted for each set of adult factors in turn

	Birth weight (kg)			Birth weight×age (year)			Childhood cognition (SD)
	Reg. coeff.	95% CI	P value	Reg. coeff.	95% CI	P value	Reg. coeff.	95% CI	P value
Adjusted for age, adult height, age at first standing and mutually adjusted	1.25	0.34 to 2.16	0.007	−0.08	−0.15 to −0.02	0.01	0.37	0.031 to 0.71	0.03
Additional adjustments in turn
BMI*	1.26	0.35 to 2.17	0.007	−0.08	−0.15 to −0.02	0.01	0.36	0.02 to 0.70	0.04
Health conditions 53 years* Health conditions×age	1.27	0.37 to 2.19	0.006	−0.09	−0.15 to −0.02	0.01	0.27	−0.07 to 0.61	0.1
Qualifications*	1.22	0.31 to 2.13	0.008	−0.08	−0.15 to −0.02	0.01	0.019	−0.4 to 0.48	0.9
Verbal memory* Verbal memory×age	1.29	0.38 to 2.20	0.005	−0.09	−0.16 to −0.02	0.008	0.22	−0.17 to 0.61	0.3
Own social class	1.23	0.32 to 2.13	0.008	−0.09	−0.15 to −0.02	0.01	0.27	−0.10 to 0.65	0.1
Smoking and physical activity*	1.37	0.47 to 2.26	0.003	−0.09	−0.16 to −0.02	0.009	0.30	−0.04 to 0.65	0.08

*Time varying covariates.
BMI, body mass index.