Table 2

Results from regression models within the two linear sections of the omega-3–PTB relationship

Change in the # of preterm births
(per 100 live births)		95% CI
<600 mg/day LC omega-3 PUFA (n=157)
Unadjusted model
 LC omega-3 PUFA*− 2.9−4.2  to −1.6
Adjusted model
 LC omega-3 PUFA*−1.5−2.8 to −0.3
 Country income †−1.1−1.6 to −0.7
≥600 mg/day LC omega-3 PUFA (n=26)‡
Unadjusted model
 LC omega-3 PUFA*−0.4−1.8 to 0.9
Adjusted model
 LC omega-3 PUFA*0.5−0.6 to 1.6
 Country income†−2.2−3.1 to −1.2

  • *Change in the number of preterm births per 100 live births associated with a 1 SD increase in LC omega-3 PUFA (383 mg/day).

  • †Change in the number of preterm births per 100 live births associated with a one unit increase in GNI (a variable with four levels; higher rank corresponds to higher income).

  • ‡Maldives excluded as an omega-3 intake outlier.

  • GNI, Gross National Income; LC omega-3 PUFA, long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid; PTB, preterm birth.