Direct and indirect costs (in USD) from the onset of symptoms until confirmation/exclusion of TB among patients with confirmed and presumptive TB.
| Costs | All n=200 | Confirmed n=100 | Presumptive n=100 | P value |
| Average number of visits (range) | 1.2 (1–5) | 1.3 (1–5) | 1.1 (1–3) |
| Median, (IQR) | Median, (IQR) | Median, (IQR) | ||
| Direct costs | ||||
| Diagnostic costs | 7.0 (2.3–8.8) | 7.0 (5.8–9.2) | 5.3 (1.4–7.0) | <0.001 |
| Medication costs | 2.8 (1.4–8.0) | 2.8 (1.4–9.2) | 2.8 (1.4–7.4) | 0.873 |
| Food costs | 2.3 (1.4–4.2) | 3.2 (1.8–5.3) | 1.8 (1.0–2.5) | <0.001 |
| Transport costs | 3.2 (1.8–5.5) | 3.2 (1.4–5.5) | 3.7 (1.8–6.00) | 0.154 |
| Informal payments | 2.3 (1.4–4.2) | 2.8 (2.3–7.4) | 2.1 (1.0–2.8) | <0.001 |
| Other direct costs | 4.6 (2.3–9.7) | 4.6 (2.3–9.5) | 4.4 (2.3–9.7) | 0.567 |
| Subtotal direct costs | 24.7 (16.1–42.4) | 27.4 (18.7–48.4) | 19.8 (13.8–33.9) | 0.02 |
| Indirect costs (median, [IQR]) | ||||
| Coping costs | 11.3 (4.6–23.1) | 11.5 (4.61–20.98) | 9.2 (4.6–27.7) | 0.765 |
| Income reduction | 15.7 (3.7–36.9) | 23.1 (6.9–55.4) | 9.2 (1.4–25.4) | 0.001 |
| Decreased production | 9.2 (1.4–23.06) | 10.0 (3.2–26.3) | 9.2 (0–16.8) | 0.137 |
| Less paid labour | 4.61 (0–12.0) | 5.07 (0–15.22) | 4.61 (0–9.2) | 0.467 |
| Other indirect costs | 8.5 (1.8–19.4) | 11.8 (1.4–23.1) | 6.5 (2.3–13.8) | 0.056 |
| Subtotal indirect costs | 60.0 (25.1–141.1) | 66.9 (35.1–149.9) | 46.8 (20.1–115.3) | 0.006 |
| Total costs | 83.0 (46.4–173.9) | 99.2 (64.3–190.0) | 67.11 (37.1–161.0) | 0.003 |
P values provided by Wilcoxon rank sum test.
IQR, Interquartile range, TB, tuberculosis; USD, United States Dollar (1 USD=2168 Tanzania shillings, exchange rates as of August 2016).