Association of dog ownership with initiation of medication for hypertension drugs, dyslipidaemia and diabetes by breed group in the National cohort with non-dog owners as the reference group
| Breed Groups | Antihypertensive drugs | Lipid-lowering drugs | Glucose -lowering drugs | |||
| Crude* HR | Adjusted† HR | Crude* HR | Adjusted† HR | Crude* HR | Adjusted† HR | |
| Sheep and cattle dogs | 1.04 (1.01–1.07) | 1.03 (1.00–1.06) | 1.01 (0.97–1.06) | 1.01 (0.97–1.06) | 1.03 (0.95–1.13) | 1.06 (0.96–1.15) |
| Pinscher and schnauzer | 1.03 (0.99–1.06) | 1.03 (1.00–1.07) | 1.07 (1.02–1.12) | 1.07 (1.02–1.12) | 0.92 (0.82–1.02) | 0.98 (0.88–1.09) |
| Terriers | 0.98 (0.95–1.02) | 0.99 (0.96–1.03) | 1.01 (0.96–1.05) | 1.02 (0.97–1.07) | 0.84 (0.76–0.94) | 0.91 (0.81–1.01) |
| Dachshunds | 1.01 (0.96–1.06) | 1.02 (0.97–1.07) | 1.06 (0.99–1.13) | 1.06 (0.99–1.13) | 0.96 (0.84–1.11) | 1.03 (0.89–1.18) |
| Spitz and primitive types | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) | 1.00 (0.97–1.04) | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) | 1.01 (0.96–1.06) | 0.82 (0.73–0.91) | 0.83 (0.74–0.93) |
| Scent hounds and related | 1.05 (1.00–1.09) | 1.03 (0.98–1.07) | 1.07 (1.01–1.13) | 1.05 (0.99–1.11) | 0.86 (0.76–0.98) | 0.88 (0.77–0.99) |
| Pointing dogs | 0.95 (0.89–1.02) | 0.95 (0.88–1.02) | 0.96 (0.88–1.06) | 0.97 (0.89–1.07) | 0.65 (0.51–0.82) | 0.73 (0.58–0.93) |
| Retrievers | 1.00 (0.98–1.03) | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) | 1.00 (0.96–1.04) | 1.02 (0.98–1.06) | 0.87 (0.80–0.95) | 0.98 (0.90–1.06) |
| Companion and toy dogs | 1.10 (1.06–1.13) | 1.09 (1.05–1.12) | 1.12 (1.08–1.17) | 1.12 (1.07–1.16) | 1.01 (0.92–1.12) | 1.03 (0.93–1.14) |
| Sight hounds | 0.90 (0.79–1.02) | 0.90 (0.79–1.02) | 0.94 (0.79–1.12) | 0.94 (0.79–1.12) | 0.84 (0.57–1.26) | 0.87 (0.59–1.30) |
| Mixed pedigree‡ | 1.10 (1.07–1.13) | 1.07 (1.05–1.11) | 1.09 (1.06–1.12) | 1.09 (1.05–1.13) | 1.22 (1.13–1.32) | 1.18 (1.09–1.27) |
↵Estimates that pass Bonferroni correction for 11 breed groups (p=0.05/11) are marked in bold.
*Adjusted for age and sex.
↵†Adjusted for age, sex, marital status, presence of children in the home, population density, area of residence, education level, region of birth, income and a correction for latitude of residence.
↵‡Group comprising all non-pure pedigree dogs.