Baseline characteristics according to changes in living environment before matching (n=393)
| Living environment | Baseline* | Prefabricated temporary housing | P values | |
| Follow-up† | Prefabricated temporary housing | Public reconstruction housing | ||
| 290 | 103 | |||
| Sex (%) | Male | 47.2 | 47.6 | 0.95 |
| Female | 52.8 | 52.4 | ||
| Age (continuous) | 62.1 (16.5) | 60.0 (15.3) | 0.27 | |
| Age (%) | <65 years old | 43.1 | 52.4 | 0.1 |
| ≥65 years old | 56.9 | 47.6 | ||
| BMI (continuous) | 24.3 (3.8) | 23.7 (3.8) | 0.86 | |
| BMI (%) | <18.5 | 2.5 | 3 | 0.73 |
| 18.5–24.9 | 57.7 | 61.6 | ||
| ≥25 | 39.8 | 35.4 | ||
| Working status (%) | Unemployed | 53.7 | 53.9 | 0.97 |
| Employed | 46.3 | 46.1 | ||
| Drinking habits (%) | Non-drinker | 65.9 | 66.7 | 0.13 |
| <45.6 g of alcohol/day | 23.9 | 29.3 | ||
| ≥45.6 g of alcohol/day | 10.2 | 4.0 | ||
| Smoking habits (%) | Non-smoker | 77.8 | 77.1 | 0.88 |
| Smoker | 22.2 | 22.9 | ||
| Walking time/day (%) | <30 min | 32.8 | 38.8 | 0.54 |
| 30 min–1 hour | 36.6 | 33.0 | ||
| ≥1 hour | 30.7 | 28.2 | ||
| Complications (%) | presence | 15.5 | 22.3 | 0.12 |
| Subjective economic status (%) | Fair | 25.8 | 26.2 | 0.93 |
| Poor to poorest | 74.2 | 73.8 | ||
| Families live together (%) | 1 | 14.7 | 12.6 | 0.049 |
| 2 | 37.9 | 44.7 | ||
| 3–4 | 34.0 | 38.8 | ||
| ≥5 | 13.3 | 3.9 | ||
| Psychological distress (%) | K6 scores:<10 | 83.9 | 78.4 | 0.22 |
| K6 scores:≥10 | 16.1 | 21.6 | ||
*Baseline: 4 years after the GEJE. The study participants had lived prefabricated temporary housing up to 4 years after the GEJE.
†Follow-up: 5 and 6 years after the GEJE.
BMI, body mass index; GEJE, Great East Japan Earthquake.