Primary author | Location | Setting | Study design | Length of follow-up | Bleeding criteria | In-hospital management strategy | N | Participants with bleed (n) | Crude incidence of bleeding per 100 persons and 95% CI | Quality score |
Cuisset et al 29 | France | Inpatient | Prospective cohort | 1 month | TIMI major/minor | PCI | 597 | 16 | 2.68 (1.66 to 4.31)* | 2 |
Braun et al 26 | Sweden | Registry | Retrospective cohort | 3 months | BARC 2–5 | PCI | 263 | 26 | 9.89 (6.84 to 14.1)* | 5 |
Amin et al 21 | USA | Registry | Retrospective cohort | 6 months | BARC 1–5 | PCI | 9290 | 2246 | 24.2 (23.3 to 25.1)* | 5 |
Amin et al 20 | USA | Registry | Retrospective cohort | 12 months | BARC 1 | PCI | 3560 | 1335 | 37.5 (35.9 to 39.1)* | 4 |
Lattuca et al 36 | France | Inpatient | Prospective cohort | 12 months | BARC 1–3 | PCI | 369 | 132 | 35.8 (31.1 to 40.8)* | 5 |
Bacquelin et al 22 | France | Registry | Prospective cohort | 12 months | BARC 2–5 | PCI | 1006 | 79 | 7.85 (6.35 to 9.68)* | 5 |
Palmerini et al 59 | Multicentre | Unclear | Prospective cohort | 12 months | BARC (any) | PCI | 1053 | 41 | 3.91 (2.89 to 5.26)* | 5 |
Kassaian et al 33 | Iran | Registry | Prospective cohort | 12 months | GUSTO mild, moderate, severe | NR | 1640 | 23 | 1.40 (0.94 to 2.10)* | 4 |
Yetgin et al 54 | The Netherlands | Registry | Cohort | 12 months | TIMI major | PCI | 2443 | 23 | 0.94 (0.63 to 1.41)* | 5 |
Fosbol et al 30 | USA | Registry | Prospective cohort | 12 months | Bleed leading to hospitalisation | NR | 7619 | 928 | 12.2 (11.5 to 12.9)* | 6 |
Tsai et al 85 | Taiwan | Registry | Retrospective cohort | 12 months | Gastrointestinal bleed | NR | 3580 | 273 | 7.63 (6.80 to 8.54)* | 5 |
Garay et al 70 | Spain | Registry | Retrospective cohort | 12 months | Bleed leading to hospitalisation, transfusion or suspension of antithrombotics | NR | 1375 | 69 | 5.02 (3.98 to 6.30)* | 3 |
Garay et al 55 | Multicentre | Registry | Cohort | 12 months | Intracranial bleeding or bleed leading to hospitalisation or transfusion | PCI | 15 401 | 489 | 3.18 (2.91 to 3.46)* | 5 |
Effron et al 50 | USA | Registry | Retrospective cohort | 12 months | Bleed leading to hospitalisation or transfusion | PCI | 15 788 | 492 | 3.12 (2.86 to 3.40)* | 4 |
Brinkert et al 47 | Canada | Registry | Cohort | 12 months | Hospitalisation with major bleeding | PCI, angiography, medically | 22 312 | 588 | 2.72 (2.51 to 2.94)* | 5 |
Ko et al 68 | Canada | Registry | Cohort | 12 months | Bleed leading to hospitalisation | PCI | 8672 | 230 | 2.65 (2.33 to 3.01)* | 6 |
Boggon et al 25 | UK | Registry | Retrospective cohort | 12 months | Any bleeding in patient GPRD or HES record | NR | 7543 | NR | 11.4 (10.4 to 12.6)† | 5 |
Carrero et al 28 | Sweden | Registry | Prospective cohort | 12 months | Major bleed | NR | 36 001 | 333 | 0.92 (0.83 to 1.03)* | 7 |
Graipe et al 31 | Sweden | Registry | Prospective cohort | 12 months | Intracranial bleed | NR | 187 386 | 590 | 0.32 (0.30 to 0.34) | 6 |
Wang et al 44 | USA | Registry | Cohort | 12 months | Haemorrhagic stroke | NR | 169 863 | 335 | 0.20 (0.18 to 0.22) | 5 |
Barra et al 23 | Portugal | Inpatient | Prospective cohort | 13.4 months (mean) | TIMI/GUSTO major criteria | NR | 852 | 60 | 7.04 (5.51 to 8.96)* | 3 |
Sra et al 41 | Canada | Inpatient | Prospective cohort | 15 months | BARC 1–5 | PCI | 2034 | 440 | 21.6 (19.9 to 23.5)* | 5 |
Caneiro-Queija et al 48 | Spain | Registry | Cohort | 455 days (median) | BARC 2–3 | PCI | 4229 | 500 | 11.8 (10.9 to 12.8)* | 6 |
Sørensen et al 40 | Denmark | Registry | Prospective cohort | 476.5 days (mean) | Fatal and non-fatal bleed | PCI | 40 812 | 1967 | 4.82 (4.62 to 5.03)* | 5 |
Raposeiras-Roubín et al 52 | Multicentre | Registry | Cohort | 17.2 months (mean) | BARC 3 or 5 | PCI | 4310 | 66 | 1.53 (1.21 to 1.94)* | 6 |
Cuschieri et al 61 | USA | Registry | Retrospective cohort | 1.7 years (mean) | Gastrointestinal bleed | NR | 3218 | 107 | 3.33 (2.76 to 4.00)* | 4 |
Wong et al 45 | UK | Inpatient | Retrospective cohort | 21 months | CURE major/life threatening | NR | 224 | 15 | 6.70 (4.10 to 10.8)* | 4 |
Buresly et al 62 | Canada | Registry | Cohort | 654 days (mean) | Bleed leading to hospitalisation | NR | 21 443 | 1428 | 6.66 (6.33 to 7.00)* | 3 |
Voss et al 43 | New Zealand | Registry | Cohort | 1.94 years (mean) | Other | NR | 3666 | 206 | 5.88 (5.15 to 6.71)* | 4 |
Brener et al 57 | USA and Germany | Registry | Prospective cohort | 24 months | TIMI, GUSTO and ACUITY Major bleed | PCI | 8582 | 430 | 5.17 (4.71 to 5.66)* | 5 |
Ertaş et al 51 | Turkey | Registry | Cohort | 24 months | Physician-confirmed bleeding event | NR | 1010 | 21 | 2.08 (1.36 to 3.16)* | 4 |
Blin et al 46 | France | Registry | Cohort | 3 years | Hospitalisation with bleeding | NR | 1585 | 49 | 3.09 (2.35 to 4.06)* | 5 |
Chamberlain et al 27 | USA | Registry | Cohort | 4.3 years | Other | NR | 1159 | 312 | 26.9 (24.5 to 29.6)* | 6 |
Kazi et al 69 | USA | Registry | Retrospective cohort | 4.42 years (mean) | Major spontaneous bleeding | PCI | 22 527 | 368 | 1.63 (1.48 to 1.81)* | 5 |
*Incidence and associated 95% CI calculated from data within study.
†Incidence and associated 95% CI reported within study per 100 person years.
ACUITY, acute catheterisation and urgent intervention triage strategy; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; BARC, Bleeding Academic Research Consortium; CURE, clopidogrel in unstable angina to prevent recurrent events; GPRD, General Practice Research Database; GUSTO, global use of strategies to open occluded arteries; HES, hospital episodes statistics; NR, not reported; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; TIMI, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.