Table 1

Demographic distribution of the sample by the EQ-5D-3L and the SF-6D utility scores

Variable	N (%)	EQ-5D-3L utility mean (SD)	SF-6D utility mean (SD)	P value†
All samples	1096	0.540 (0.35)	0.534 (0.09)	<0.001*
Sex
Male	686 (62.6)	0.561 (0.34)	0.532 (0.10)	<0.001*
Female	410 (37.4)	0.505 (0.37)	0.539 (0.09)	0.342
Age (years)
Less than 20	07 (0.6)	0.570 (0.44)	0.455 (0.09)	0.235
20–40	45 (4.1)	0.591 (0.34)	0.536 (0.09)	0.103
41–60	562 (51.3)	0.555 (0.35)	0.540 (0.10)	<0.001*
More than 60	482 (44.0)	0.517 (0.35)	0.529 (0.08)	0.006*
Education status
No formal education	81 (7.4)	0.448 (0.42)	0.508 (0.09)	0.441
5 Grade	413 (37.7)	0.529 (0.35)	0.536 (0.09)	0.001*
6–11 Grade	377 (34.4)	0.556 (0.34)	0.533 (0.10)	<0.001*
GCE O/L passed	190 (17.3)	0.554 (0.34)	0.540 (0.09)	0.007*
GCE A/L passed	35 (3.2)	0.618 (0.34)	0.540 (0.09)	0.225
Employment status
Employed	380 (34.7)	0.675 (0.25)	0.547 (0.10)	<0.001*
Not employed	716 (65.3)	0.468 (0.37)	0.528 (0.09)	0.417
Comorbidities
Present	778 (71.0)	0.505 (0.36)	0.532 (0.09)	0.037*
Absent	318 (29.0)	0.625 (0.29)	0.542 (0.10)	<0.001*
CKD stage
Early stage	254 (24.0)	0.588 (0.30)	0.551 (0.10)	<0.001*
Stage IV	614 (58.1)	0.566 (0.42)	0.536 (0.09)	<0.001*
Stage V	151 (14.3)	0.467 (0.42)	0.523 (0.08)	0.808
Dialysis	38 (3.6)	0.126 (0.39)	0.432 (0.07)	<0.001*

*Significant at p<0.05.
†Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
EQ-5D-3L, EuroQoL-five-dimension-3 levels; GCE A/L, General Certificate of Education Advance level; GCE O/L, General Certificate of Education Ordinary level; SF-6D, Short-Form six-dimension.