Participants interviewed
| Type of participant | Number interviewed |
| Executive level managers and clinicians | 18 |
| Physician associates (PAs) | 41 |
| Patients and relatives | 28 |
| Consultants (including those with lead responsibilities for PAs) | 24 |
| Junior doctors | 17 |
| Operational managers | 11 |
| Nurses | 28 |
| Other types of staff, eg, allied health professions | 8 |
| Total | 175 |