Total n=646 | Male n=367 | Female n=279 | |
Age (mean±SD; in years) | 58.2 (±14.4) | 58.9 (±13.6) | 57.3 (±15.3) |
BMI (mean±SD; kg/m2) | 30.9 (±7.4) | 30.1 (±6.7) | 31.9 (±8.1) p<0.01 |
<25 | 22.4 (±2.0) | 22.6 (±1.9) | 22.2 (±2.2) |
25–30 | 27.4 (±1.5) | 27.4 (±1.6) | 27.3 (±1.4) |
>30 | 36.8 (±6.1) | 36.4 (±5.2) | 37.2 (±6.9) |
Duration of diabetes (mean±SD; in years) | 12.5 (±9.7) | 12.3 (±9.4) | 12.8 (±10.0) |
Mean HbA1c n (%) (with ±SD) | 8.4 (±2.2) | 8.6 (±2.4) | 8.1 (±2.0) p<0.01 |
International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (mmol/mol) | 68.3 | 70.5 | 65.0 |
mmol/L | 10.8 | 11.1 | 10.3 |
<7% | 6.4 (±0.5) | 6.4 (±0.5) | 6.4 (±0.5) |
7%–9% | 7.8 (±0.6) | 7.8 (±0.6) | 7.8 (±0.6) |
>9% | 11.1 (±1.9) | 11.4 (±2.0) | 10.8 (±1.7) |
SBP (mm Hg) DBP (mm Hg) | 134.5 (±20.5) 76.3 (±11.8) | 135.2 (±19.3) 77.3 (±11.9) | 133.5 (±21.9) 74.9 (±11.6) |
Smoking status n (%) | |||
Non-smoker | 332 (51.4) | 154 (42.1) | 178 (63.7) p<0.001 |
Ex-smoker | 211 (32.6) | 145 (39.3) | 66 (23.7) |
Current smoker | 103 (16.0) | 68 (18.6) | 35 (12.6) |
Hypertension n (%) | 430 (66.5) | 255 (69.5) | 174 (62.2) p<0.05 |
Hypercholesterolaemia n (%) | 450 (69.7) | 255 (69.5) | 195 (69.9) |
Obesity n (%) | 312 (48.3) | 162 (44.2) | 154 (55.1) p<0.05 |
Obesity is defined as BMI ≥30. Statistically significant differences are marked. Other comparisons were not statistically significant at p<0.05.
BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure.