Characteristics of HIV-positive women by contraceptive use in Kenya (DHS 2008–2009)
| Variables | Total | Using | Not using | P value |
| (n=304) | (n=92) | (n=212) | ||
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Region | 0.2088 | |||
| Nairobi | 36 (10.8) | 14 (17.9) | 22 (7.9) | |
| Coast | 29 (5.4) | 9 (3.3) | 20 (6.2) | |
| Nyanza | 118 (35.3) | 34 (35.7) | 84 (35.1) | |
| Rift Valley | 29 (20.0) | 9 (15.8) | 20 (21.7) | |
| Western | 46 (12.5) | 9 (7.8) | 37 (14.4) | |
| Others | 46 (15.9) | 17 (19.5) | 29 (14.5) | |
| Residence | 0.132 | |||
| Urban | 112 (29.6) | 42 (38.9) | 70 (25.9) | |
| Rural | 192 (70.4) | 50 (61.1) | 142 (74.1) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.2536 | |||
| Kikuyu | 38 (13.9) | 17 (18.4) | 21 (12.0) | |
| Luhya | 57 (23.3) | 12 (14.5) | 45 (26.8) | |
| Luo | 131 (38.9) | 40 (45.3) | 91 (36.3) | |
| Others | 78 (23.9) | 23 (21.8) | 55 (24.8) | |
| Highest educational level | 0.0033 | |||
| No education | 22 (5.9) | 4 (2.8) | 18 (7.1) | |
| Primary | 191 (64.1) | 50 (50.6) | 141 (69.4) | |
| Secondary or higher | 91 (30.0) | 38 (46.6) | 53 (23.5) | |
| Wealth index | 0.0003 | |||
| Low | 97 (32.7) | 14 (15.5) | 83 (39.5) | |
| Middle | 48 (14.8) | 11 (11.1) | 37 (16.2) | |
| High | 159 (52.6) | 67 (73.4) | 92 (44.3) | |
| Religion | 0.745 | |||
| Roman Catholic | 76 (22.6) | 23 (23.8) | 53 (22.2) | |
| Protestant/other Christian | 210 (71.9) | 63 (72.5) | 147 (71.6) | |
| Others | 18 (5.5) | 6 (3.7) | 12 (6.2) | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| 15–19 | 24 (7.0) | 3 (2.9) | 21 (8.7) | 0.3343 |
| 20–24 | 54 (16.4) | 11 (14.7) | 43 (17.1) | |
| 25–29 | 63 (22.9) | 23 (21.5) | 40 (23.4) | |
| 30–34 | 62 (19.3) | 22 (26.9) | 40 (16.3) | |
| 35–39 | 45 (11.3) | 16 (13.8) | 29 (10.3) | |
| 40–44 | 31 (16.2) | 9 (11.2) | 22 (18.1) | |
| 45–49 | 25 (6.9) | 8 (9.0) | 17 (6.1) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 143 (45.6) | 44 (51.8) | 99 (43.2) | 0.2967 |
| Not married | 161 (54.4) | 48 (48.2) | 113 (56.8) |
Counts and percentages represent unweighted frequencies and weighted percentages of study population. P value is derived from the Rao-Scott χ2 test. Percentages may not sum to 100 due to rounding.