Table 4

Levels of evidence for the overall quality of measurement properties from van Tulder et al 56

LevelRatingCriteria
Strong+++or ---Consistent findings in multiple studies of good methodological quality
OR in one study of excellent methodological quality
Moderate++or --Consistent findings in multiple studies of fair methodological quality
OR in one study of good methodological quality
Limited+ or -One study of fair methodological quality
Conflicting±Conflicting findings
Unknown?Only studies of poor methodological quality
  • +, positive rating; ?, indeterminate rating; -, negative rating.