Baseline characteristics of the propensity-matched cohort with aortic PVL
| Characteristics | SAVR (n=86) | TAVR (n=86) | Standardised mean difference | P values |
| Clinical data | ||||
| Age, years | 77±11 | 78±9 | 0.14 | 0.37 |
| Male sex | 55 (64) | 57 (66) | 0.05 | 0.75 |
| Median STS score (IQR), % | 5.0 (3.0–7.0) | 4.9 (3.0–8.0) | 0.05 | 0.75 |
| Aortic stenosis as procedural indication | 86 (100) | 86 (100) | – | – |
| PVL severity | ||||
| Trivial or mild PVL | 75 (87) | 72 (84) | 0.10 | 0.52 |
| Greater than mild PVL | 11 (13) | 14 (16) | ||
| NYHA class III or IV | 72 (84) | 71 (83) | 0.03 | 0.84 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 30 (35) | 24 (28) | 0.15 | 0.32 |
| Diabetes | 26 (30) | 38 (44) | 0.29 | 0.06 |
| Hypertension | 69 (80) | 79 (92) | 0.34 | 0.03 |
| Coronary artery disease | 64 (74) | 63 (73) | 0.03 | 0.86 |
| Triple vessels coronary artery disease | 32 (37) | 38 (44) | 0.14 | 0.35 |
| Previous CABG | 48 (56) | 46 (53) | 0.05 | 0.76 |
| Prior cerebrovascular accident | 11 (13) | 12 (14) | 0.03 | 0.82 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 25 (29) | 29 (34) | 0.10 | 0.51 |
| Creatinine level, mg/dL | 1.22±0.75 | 1.22±0.70 | 0.01 | 0.99 |
| History of endocarditis | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – | – |
| Chronic obstructive airway disease | 23 (27) | 26 (30) | 0.08 | 0.61 |
| Mediastinal radiation | 5 (6) | 6 (7) | 0.05 | 0.76 |
| Chronic liver disease/cirrhosis | 2 (2) | 5 (6) | 0.18 | 0.25 |
| Warfarin therapy | 35 (41) | 29 (35) | 0.13 | 0.41 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 29±6 | 31±7 | 0.26 | 0.09 |
| Echocardiographic data | ||||
| LVEF, % | 57±13 | 58±11 | 0.07 | 0.64 |
| ≥Moderate RV dysfunction | 8 (10) | 9 (11) | 0.05 | 0.74 |
| ≥Moderate MR | 7 (8) | 8 (9) | 0.04 | 0.77 |
| RVSP ≥50 mm Hg | 13 (15) | 17 (21) | 0.14 | 0.36 |
| Mean aortic prosthesis gradient (mm Hg) | 16±6 | 13±5 | 0.47 | 0.002 |
| Aortic prosthesis EOA, cm2 | 1.89±0.56 | 2.21±0.67 | 0.52 | <0.001 |
Unless otherwise specified, values are mean±SD or n (%). Statistically significant p values and standardised difference >0.3 are printed in bold. Abbreviations as per table 1.