Variable | Category | Involvement in violence in last 12 months | |||||||
Male (% positive) | Female (% positive) | ||||||||
n | %* | Perpetrator | Victim | n | %* | Perpetrator | Victim | ||
All | 5702 | 100.0 | 6.4 | 7.6 | 6967 | 100.0 | 3.3 | 3.5 | |
ACE count | 0 | 3180 | 55.8 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 3893 | 55.9 | 1.3 | 1.2 |
1 | 1149 | 20.2 | 4.9 | 6.4 | 1369 | 19.6 | 2.1 | 2.2 | |
2–3 | 885 | 15.5 | 9.9 | 10.4 | 1023 | 14.7 | 6.3 | 7.4 | |
≥4 | 488 | 8.6 | 27.0 | 29.5 | 682 | 9.8 | 13.0 | 13.3 | |
X2 trend | 350.203 | 320.528 | 286.685 | 309.737 | |||||
P values | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||
AUDIT-C | ≤4 | 3584 | 62.9 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 5598 | 80.4 | 2.6 | 2.7 |
Score | ≥5 | 2118 | 37.1 | 11.6 | 13.2 | 1369 | 19.6 | 6.4 | 6.9 |
X2 | 148.710 | 151.993 | 49.098 | 57.055 | |||||
P | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||
Age group | 18–29 | 1390 | 24.4 | 15.8 | 18.1 | 1491 | 21.4 | 5.7 | 6.8 |
30–39 | 1022 | 17.9 | 6.8 | 7.8 | 1546 | 22.2 | 3.9 | 4.0 | |
40–49 | 1098 | 19.3 | 3.6 | 5.3 | 1465 | 21.0 | 3.6 | 3.3 | |
50–59 | 1009 | 17.7 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 1155 | 16.6 | 1.5 | 2.2 | |
60–69 | 1183 | 20.7 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 1310 | 18.8 | 1.1 | 0.5 | |
X2 | 304.668 | 328.948 | 60.295 | 92.508 | |||||
P values | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||
Deprivation | 1 (least) | 1312 | 23.0 | 5.1 | 6.3 | 1516 | 21.8 | 2.6 | 2.2 |
2 | 1072 | 18.8 | 6.3 | 6.8 | 1308 | 18.8 | 3.3 | 3.7 | |
3 | 1090 | 19.1 | 5.5 | 7.3 | 1304 | 18.7 | 3.1 | 3.1 | |
4 | 1061 | 18.6 | 6.6 | 7.8 | 1366 | 19.6 | 3.8 | 3.9 | |
5 (most) | 1167 | 20.5 | 8.7 | 9.6 | 1473 | 21.1 | 3.8 | 4.7 | |
X2 trend | 11.036 | 9.794 | 4.114 | 11.984 | |||||
<0.001 | 0.002 | 0.043 | <0.001 | ||||||
Ethnicity | White | 4723 | 82.8 | 6.7 | 8.1 | 5873 | 84.3 | 4.9 | 3.6 |
Asian | 685 | 12.0 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 748 | 10.7 | 3.6 | 2.4 | |
Other | 294 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 7.1 | 346 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 4.6 | |
X2 | 4.725 | 13.779 | 1.711 | 4.040 | |||||
P values | 0.094 | 0.001 | 0.425 | 0.133 | |||||
Study | England | 1734 | 30.4 | 5.7 | 6.9 | 2122 | 30.5 | 3.3 | 3.8 |
Sample† | Wales | 991 | 17.4 | 11.7 | 13.9 | 1006 | 14.4 | 4.1 | 4.6 |
South England | 2427 | 42.6 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 2999 | 43.0 | 2.9 | 3.0 | |
North England | 550 | 9.7 | 9.1 | 10.9 | 840 | 12.1 | 3.8 | 3.3 | |
X2 | 74.187 | 96.601 | 3.814 | 6.640 | |||||
P | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.282 | 0.084 |
*Percentage of total sample within each category.
†See online supplementary table S2 for more details.
ACE, adverse childhood experiences; AUDIT-C, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption.