Alkaline phosphatase tertiles | First (n=845) | Second (n=858) | Third (n=875) | P for trend | 1-SD increase in ALP |
Alkaline phosphatase level (IU/L) | <179 | 179–226 | >226 | ||
Coronary heart disease | |||||
n | 93 | 138 | 138 | ||
Rate per 1000 person-years | 9.7 (7.92–11.89) | 14.94 (12.64–17.65) | 17.57 (14.87–20.77) | ||
Model 1* | 1.00 | 1.39 (1.06–1.81) | 1.59 (1.22–2.08) | 0.001 | 1.21 (1.10–1.33) |
Model 2† | 1.00 | 1.33 (1.02–1.73) | 1.29 (0.98–1.69) | 0.078 | 1.11 (1.01–1.22) |
Stroke | |||||
n | 14 | 22 | 32 | ||
Rate per 1000 person-years | 1.4 (0.83–2.37) | 2.2 (1.47–3.41) | 3.85 (2.72–5.43) | ||
Model 1* | 1.00 | 1.34 (0.68–2.64) | 2.10 (1.11–4.00) | 0.017 | 1.24 (1.01–1.52) |
Model 2† | 1.00 | 1.32 (0.66–2.61) | 1.88 (1.00–3.61) | 0.050 | 1.20 (0.97–1.49)‡ |
Cardiovascular disease | |||||
n | 104 | 155 | 161 | ||
Rate per 1000 person-years | 10.90 (8.9–13.21) | 16.84 (14.39–19.71) | 20.63 (17.68–24.08) | ||
Model 1* | 1.00 | 1.38 (1.08–1.78) | 1.63 (1.27–2.09) | <0.001 | 1.21 (1.11–1.33) |
Model 2† | 1.00 | 1.33 (1.03–1.71) | 1.30 (1.01–1.68) | 0.052 | 1.10 (1.01–1.21) |
All-cause mortality events | |||||
n | 40 | 55 | 75 | ||
Rate per 1000 person-years | 4.00 (2.93–5.45) | 5.58 (4.28–7.27) | 8.93 (7.12–11.20) | ||
Model 1* | 1.00 | 1.13 (0.75–1.70) | 1.64 (1.10–2.43) | 0.009 | 1.25 (1.10–1.42) |
Model 2§ | 1.00 | 1.11 (0.73–1.67) | 1.32 (0.90–2.00) | 0.129 | 1.16 (1.01–1.33) |
Composite outcome | |||||
n | 125 | 182 | 188 | ||
Rate per 1000 person-years | 13.1 (11.0–15.6) | 19.8 (17.1–22.9) | 24.1 (20.9–27.8) | ||
Model 1* | 1.00 | 1.33 (1.06–1.67) | 1.52 (1.21–1.92) | <0.001 | 1.20 (1.11–1.31) |
Model 2† | 1.00 | 1.30 (1.03–1.63) | 1.27 (1.00–1.61) | 0.06 | 1.11 (1.02–1.21) |
*Model 1: adjusted for age and sex.
†Model 2: adjustment for model 1 plus body mass index, waist circumferences, smoking, educational levels, family history of premature cardiovascular disease, total cholesterol, triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, lipid-lowering medications, diabetes, hypertension and chronic kidney disease.
‡P=0.058
§Model 2: Adjustment for model 1 plus Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study risk factors (ie, age, sex, current smoking, education, hypertension, diabetes, family history of premature CVD).
ALP, alkaline phosphatase.