Table 1

Summary of included studies on sarcopenia associated with all-cause mortality

Author	Country	Year	Male, %	Sample no	Age of patients, years	Prevalence, %	Follow-up period	mortality rate, %	Effect measure	Adjusted or crude HR/OR	Quality*
Saka et al 17	Turkey	2016	51	402	78.0±7.9	73.3	12 months	16.2	HR	Adjusted	8
Yalcin et al 18	Turkey	2017	54.3	141	79.17±7.99	53.9	24 months	23.4	HR	Age, sex, BMI, Calf circumference, MMSE, MNA, cerebrovascular diseases, osteoarthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, activity of daily living impairment, diabetes, dementia.	7
Landi et al 15	Italy	2012	25	122	84.1±4.8	32.8	6 months	21.3	HRs	Age, sex, cerebrovascular diseases, osteoarthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, activity of daily living impairment	8
Henwood et al 16	Australia	2017	29.3	58	85.7±8.2	51.7	18 months	21.6	RR	Age, sex, BMI, MNA, physical activity	6
Buckinx et al 14	Belgium	2018	27.5	662	83.2±8.99	36.2	12 months	15.9	OR	Age, sex, BMI, frailty, waist circumference, calf circumference, arm circumference, wrist circumference, walking support, drugs consumed, medical history, MMSE, Minnesota, MNA, body fat, SF-36, EuroQol five dimensions, EuroQol-Visual Analogue Scale, Katz score, fear of falling, Tinetti test, TUG test, SPPB test, gait speed, grip strength, peak expiratory flow, isometric strength	7
Kimyagarov et al 19	Israel	2012	41.2	109	84.9±7.4	40.3	12 months	61.5	HR	Age, sex, BMI Charlson Comorbidity Index	7

European Working Group for Sarcopenia in Older Persons defines sarcopenia in men as ALM adjusted for height squared <7.25 kg/m² combined with low hand grip strength (<30 kg) and/or low gait speed (<0.8 m/s).
*Quality of the studies was assessed with Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).
BMI, body mass index; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; MNA, Mini-Nutritional Assessment; RR, risk ratio; SF-36, 36-item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaires; SPPB test, short physical performance battery; TUG test, timed up and go.