Comparisons of sociodemographic characteristics of university students with and without depressive symptoms
| Characteristics | Depressive symptoms* | Severe depressive symptoms† | ||||
| No | Yes | P values‡ | No | Yes | P values‡ | |
| Study site | 0.004 | 0.08 | ||||
| Battambang | 218 (44.2) | 275 (55.8) | 384 (77.9) | 109 (22.1) | ||
| Phnom Penh | 454 (52.4) | 412 (47.6) | 709 (81.9) | 157 (18.1) | ||
| Gender | 0.20 | 0.002 | ||||
| Female | 319 (47.7) | 350 (52.3) | 515 (77.0) | 154 (23.0) | ||
| Male | 353 (51.2) | 337 (48.8) | 578 (83.8) | 112 (16.2) | ||
| Age (mean±SD) | 21.3±2.4 | 21.4±2.3 | 0.82 | 21.4±2.3 | 21.1±2.4 | 0.12 |
| Marital status | 0.34 | 0.08 | ||||
| Unmarried | 655 (49.2) | 675 (50.8) | 1066 (80.2) | 264 (19.8) | ||
| Married | 17 (58.6) | 12 (41.4) | 27 (93.1) | 2 (6.9) | ||
| Academic year | 0.59 | 0.66 | ||||
| 1 | 240 (48.4) | 256 (51.6) | 394 (79.4) | 102 (20.6) | ||
| 2 | 145 (51.6) | 136 (48.4) | 224 (79.7) | 57 (20.3) | ||
| 3 | 123 (49.0) | 128 (51.0) | 201 (80.1) | 50 (19.9) | ||
| 4 | 164 (49.5) | 167 (50.5) | 274 (82.8) | 57 (17.2) | ||
| Currently living with | 0.35 | 0.70 | ||||
| Parents | 297 (49.9) | 298 (50.1) | 486 (81.7) | 109 (18.3) | ||
| Relatives | 81 (45.0) | 99 (55.0) | 139 (77.2) | 41 (22.8) | ||
| Sibling | 87 (56.1) | 68 (43.9) | 124 (80.0) | 31 (20.0) | ||
| Friend | 162 (50.2) | 161 (49.8) | 258 (79.9) | 65 (20.1) | ||
| Spouse/partners | 10 (47.6) | 11 (52.4) | 19 (90.5) | 2 (9.5) | ||
| Alone | 26 (41.9) | 36 (58.1) | 50 (80.6) | 12 (19.4) | ||
| Other | 9 (39.1) | 14 (60.9) | 17 (73.9) | 6 (26.1) | ||
| Perceived family economic status | 0.002 | 0.04 | ||||
| Well-off/quite well-off | 248 (55.7) | 197 (44.3) | 374 (84.0) | 71 (16.0) | ||
| Neither poor nor well-off | 398 (47.0) | 448 (53.0) | 669 (71.1) | 177 (20.9) | ||
| Poor | 26 (38.2) | 42 (61.8) | 50 (73.5) | 18 (26.5) | ||
| Perceived academic performance | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Very good | 44 (77.2) | 13 (22.8) | 52 (91.2) | 5 (5.8) | ||
| Good | 180 (59.0) | 123 (40.6) | 263 (86.8) | 40 (13.2) | ||
| Fairly good | 301 (50.5) | 295 (49.5) | 484 (81.2) | 112 (18.8) | ||
| Fair | 138 (37.7) | 228 (62.3) | 275 (75.1) | 91 (24.9) | ||
| Poor | 9 (24.3) | 28 (75.7) | 19 (51.4) | 18 (48.6) | ||
Values are numbers of subjects (%) for categorical variables and means±SD for continuous variables.
*Defined by a Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score of ≥16.
†Defined by a CES-D score of ≥23.
‡χ2 test was used for categorical variables; independent Student’s t-test was used for continuous variables.