Factors associated with prevalence of depression (logistic regression analysis) (Hosmer-Lemeshow=5.132; df=5; p=0.743)
| OR | 95% CI | P values | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 1 | ||
| Female | 1.333 | 1.009 to 1.761 | 0.043 |
| Age | |||
| <65 years | 1 | ||
| ≥65 years | 0.858 | 0.626 to 1.175 | 0.339 |
| Duration of T2DM (years) (per unit of increment) | 1.006 | 0.995 to 1.016 | 0.303 |
| Educational level | |||
| University | 1 | ||
| Secondary | 0.980 | 0.644 to 1.493 | 0.926 |
| Primary | 1.060 | 0.729 to 1.543 | 0.759 |
| Not completed | 1.118 | 0.735 to 1.699 | 0.602 |
| Country of origin | |||
| Spain | 1 | ||
| Other | 1.433 | 0.738 to 2.784 | 0.288 |
| Employment status | |||
| Not working | 1 | ||
| Working | 0.595 | 0.397 to 0.894 | 0.012 |
| Smoking | |||
| Never smoker | 1 | ||
| Former smoker | 0.854 | 0.652 to 1.119 | 0.252 |
| Current smoker | 0.874 | 0.585 to 1.306 | 0.510 |
| Family history of diabetes mellitus | |||
| No | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.109 | 0.888 to 1.385 | 0.362 |
| Current alcohol use | |||
| No | 1 | ||
| Yes | 0.726 | 0.552 to 0.954 | 0.022 |
| Physical activity | |||
| Sedentary | 1 | ||
| Low | 0.552 | 0.408 to 0.746 | <0.001 |
| Moderate-vigorous | 0.636 | 0.377 to 1.074 | 0.091 |
| Diabetes treatment | |||
| Oral antidiabetic agents | 1 | ||
| Oral antidiabetic agents+insulin | 1.802 | 1.364 to 2.380 | <0.001 |
| Insulin | 1.476 | 0.938 to 2.323 | 0.092 |
| Diet | 0.932 | 0.623 to 1.394 | 0.731 |
| Unknown | 0.771 | 0.560 to 1.061 | 0.110 |
| BMI (kg/m2) (per unit of increment) | 1.012 | 0.992 to 1.032 | 0.249 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) (per unit of increment) | 0.982 | 0.971 to 0.992 | 0.001 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) (per unit of increment) | 0.992 | 0.974 to 1.009 | 0.358 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) (per unit of increment) | 1.005 | 1.002 to 1.009 | 0.002 |
| Neuropathy | |||
| No | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.951 | 1.423 to 2.674 | <0.001 |
| Nephropathy | |||
| No | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.077 | 0.782 to 1.483 | 0.649 |
| Retinopathy | |||
| No | 1 | ||
| Yes | 0.784 | 0.578 to 1.065 | 0.119 |
| Renal failure | |||
| No | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.220 | 0.892 to 1.670 | 0.214 |
| Self-reported health status | |||
| Excellent-very good-good | 1 | ||
| Fair-poor | 1.509 | 1.209 to 1.882 | <0.001 |
| Family history of depression | |||
| No | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.419 | 0.975 to 2.066 | 0.067 |
| Personal history of depression | |||
| No | 1 | ||
| Yes | 6.482 | 5.138 to 8.178 | <0.001 |
| Social support (network size) (per unit of increment) | 0.978 | 0.962 to 0.993 | 0.005 |
| Physical Health Score (SF-12) | |||
| Score ≥mean | 1 | ||
| Score <mean | 1.243 | 0.910 to 1.699 | 0.171 |
| Mental Health Score (SF-12) | |||
| Score ≥mean | 1 | ||
| Score <mean | 1.423 | 1.054 to 1.921 | 0.021 |
| History of cancer | |||
| No | 1 | ||
| Yes | 0.961 | 0.716 to 1.290 | 0.792 |
| Cardiovascular disease | |||
| No | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.156 | 0.901 to 1.482 | 0.255 |
| Heart failure | |||
| No | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.297 | 0.910 to 1.849 | 0.150 |
| Lower limb amputation | |||
| No | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.765 | 0.798 to 3.904 | 0.160 |
BP, blood pressure, BMI, body mass index; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.