Characteristics of the study participants at baseline
| Sjögren’s syndrome | Total | With | Without | P values |
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Total | 54 705 | 10 941 (20.00) | 43 764 (80.00) | |
| Sex | 0.999 | |||
| Male | 10 187 (18.63) | 2011 (18.44) | 8176 (18.68) | |
| Female | 44 485 (81.37) | 8897 (81.56) | 35 588 (81.32) | |
| Age (years) | 55.78±17.09 | 55.80±16.65 | 55.77±17.20 | 0.897 |
| DM | 3553 (6.49) | 724 (6.62) | 2829 (6.46) | 0.558 |
| Hypertension | 8091 (14.79) | 1578 (14.42) | 6513 (14.88) | 0.228 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 1145 (2.09) | 234 (2.14) | 911 (2.08) | 0.709 |
| Behcet’s disease | 321 (0.59) | 62 (0.57) | 259 (0.59) | 0.834 |
| Giant cell arteritis | 15 (0.03) | 3 (0.03) | 12 (0.03) | 0.999 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 8907 (16.28) | 1784 (16.31) | 7123 (16.28) | 0.942 |
| Relapsing polychondritis | 71 (0.13) | 14 (0.13) | 57 (0.13) | 0.953 |
| Takayasu’s arteritis | 15 (0.03) | 3 (0.03) | 12 (0.03) | 0.999 |
| COPD | 2931 (5.36) | 581 (5.3) | 2350 (5.37) | 0.831 |
| Steroid | 16 799 (30.71) | 3345 (30.57) | 13 454 (30.74) | 0.737 |
| β Blocker | 12 588 (23.01) | 2513 (22.97) | 10 075 (23.02) | 0.919 |
| CCB | 11 553 (21.12) | 2342 (21.41) | 9211 (21.05) | 0.409 |
| ACEI | 13 586 (24.84) | 2711 (24.78) | 10 875 (24.85) | 0.878 |
| ARB | 12 718 (23.25) | 2620 (23.95) | 10 098 (23.07) | 0.054 |
| Diuretic | 12 440 (22.74) | 2429 (22.20) | 10 011 (22.87) | 0.136 |
| Statin | 13 922 (25.45) | 2811 (25.69) | 11 111 (25.39) | 0.516 |
P value (categorical variable: χ2/Fisher’s exact test; continuous variable: t-test).
ACEI, ACE inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; CCB, calcium channel blocker; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DM, diabetes mellitus.