Risk of bias of the included studies that investigated the direct choice regarding the values and preferences of men related to PSA screening
| Domain | Subdomain 1: sample selection | Subdomain 2: completeness of data | Subdomain 3: measurement instrument | Subdomain 4: measurement accuracy | Subdomain 5: data analysis | ||
| Question | Was an appropriate study sample selected from the sampling frame? | Was the attrition sufficiently low to minimise the risk of bias? | Was the instrument used for eliciting relative importance of outcomes valid and reliable? | Was the instrument administered in the intended way? | Was a valid representation of the outcome (health state) used? | Did the researchers check the understanding of the instrument? | Were the results analysed appropriately to avoid influence of bias and confounding? |
| Cantor et al 24 | Probably yes | Unclear | Probably no | Probably yes | Probably yes | The investigators did not formally test the understanding, but there was evidence suggesting adequate understanding. | Probably no |
| de Bekker-Grob et al 25 | Yes | Probably no | Yes | Yes | Probably yes | The investigators did not formally test the understanding, but there was evidence suggesting adequate understanding. | Probably no |
| Howard et al 26 and Pignone et al 29 | Probably yes | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Yes | The investigators did not formally test the understanding, but there was evidence suggesting adequate understanding. | Probably no |
| Howard et al 27 | Probably yes | Unclear | Yes | Probably yes | Yes | The investigators did not formally test the understanding, but there was evidence suggesting adequate understanding. | Yes |
| van den Bruel et al 28 | Yes | Unclear | Probably yes | Probably yes | Yes | The investigators did not formally test the understanding, but there was evidence suggesting adequate understanding. | Probably no |