Estimated ORs from generalised logit analysis of different pain intensities between the North and South of England adjusting for age, gender and level of qualifications.
Variables | Categories | ‘Severely limiting’ versus ‘no pain’ | P values | ‘Moderately limiting’ versus ‘no pain’ | P values | ‘High intensity’ versus ‘no pain’ | P values | ‘Low intensity’ versus ‘no pain’ | P values |
Intercept | 0.011 (0.007, 0.018) | <0.001 | 0.010 (0.006, 0.018) | <0.001 | 0.097 (0.076, 0.124) | <0.001 | 0.004 (0.002, 0.010) | <0.001 | |
Region | North | 1.323 (1.063, 1.645) | 0.012 | 1.374 (1.035, 1.823) | 0.028 | 0.977 (0.852, 1.120) | 0.735 | 0.954 (0.604, 1.507) | 0.840 |
South | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||
Age | 1.042 (1.035, 1.050) | <0.001 | 1.033 (1.024, 1.042) | <0.001 | 1.030 (1.025, 1.034) | <0.001 | 1.036 (1.022, 1.054) | <0.001 | |
Gender | Female | 1.137 (1.020, 1.267) | 0.021 | 1.221 (1.059, 1.408) | 0.006 | 1.183 (1.108, 1.262) | <0.001 | 0.913 (0.738, 1.129) | 0.399 |
Male | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||
Qualifications | None | 2.574 (2.069, 3.203) | <0.001 | 1.408 (1.021, 1.943) | 0.037 | 1.133 (0.964, 1.332) | 0.131 | 1.117 (0.660, 1.890) | 0.681 |
Foreign/other qualification | 1.188 (0.635, 2.222) | 0.591 | 0.873 (0.351, 2.171) | 0.770 | 0.894 (0.574, 1.392) | 0.619 | 1.373 (0.384, 4.911) | 0.626 | |
NVQ level 1 or equivalent | 1.345 (0.872, 2.077) | 0.180 | 1.082 (0.587, 1.995) | 0.801 | 1.199 (0.917, 1.569) | 0.185 | 0.562 (0.164, 1.922) | 0.358 | |
NVQ level 2 or equivalent | 1.057 (0.822, 1.358) | 0.667 | 1.073 (0.776, 1.483) | 0.669 | 1.007 (0.868, 1.169) | 0.927 | 0.748 (0.422, 1.326) | 0.320 | |
NVQ level 3 or equivalent | 0.853 (0.621, 1.171) | 0.324 | 0.744 (0.487, 1.138) | 0.173 | 0.913 (0.768, 1.087) | 0.307 | 0.866 (0.459, 1.636) | 0.658 | |
NVQ level 4 or equivalent | 0.718 (0.513, 1.005) | 0.054 | 0.937 (0.627, 1.401) | 0.752 | 0.999 (0.836, 1.194) | 0.991 | 1.162 (0.654, 2.065) | 0.609 | |
NVQ level 5 or equivalent | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |