Factors associated with ETI confidence* among Northern Japanese ELSTs
| Univariable analysis† | Multivariable analysis†‡ | |||
| OR (95% CI) | P values | AOR (95% CI) | P values | |
| Age | 1.03 (1.02 to 1.04) | <0.001 | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.02) | 0.232 |
| Male sex | 1.87 (0.93 to 3.75) | 0.074 | 1.82 (0.85 to 3.93) | 0.125 |
| Years of experience after becoming a basic-level ELST | 1.04 (1.03 to 1.06) | <0.001 | ||
| Years of experience after becoming an advanced-level ELST§ | 1.09 (1.07 to 1.12) | <0.001 | 1.09 (1.05 to 1.13) | <0.001 |
| Allowed to use a rigid video laryngoscope¶ | 1.28 (1.09 to 1.51) | 0.002 | 1.04 (0.87 to 1.25) | 0.659 |
| Annual ETI experience | 1.70 (1.52 to 1.90) | <0.001 | 1.79 (1.59 to 2.03) | <0.001 |
| Immediate Cardiac Life Support** instructor | 1.71 (1.25 to 2.34) | 0.001 | 1.43 (0.98 to 2.08) | 0.066 |
| Japan Prehospital Trauma Evaluation and Care†† instructor | 1.23 (1.01 to 1.50) | 0.038 | 0.95 (0.75 to 1.20) | 0.649 |
| Availability of regular simulation training using a mannequin | 1.32 (1.06 to 1.65) | 0.013 | 1.31 (1.02 to 1.68) | 0.038 |
| Availability of regular training in operating room | 1.38 (1.13 to 1.69) | 0.002 | 1.44 (1.14 to 1.83) | 0.003 |
*Confident status is defined as a score of 4 (‘confident’) or 5 (‘very confident’) on the Likert scale for confidence.
↵†The reference set was ELSTs who were not confident in performing ETI.
‡Adjustment for all variables included in the table. Good fit was verified by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (p=0.314). The c statistic for the model was 0.745 (95% CI 0.726 to 0.764). ‘Years of experience after becoming a basic-level ELST’ was not used as an explanatory variable because of the strong correlation with ‘Years of experience after becoming an advanced-level ELST’.
§Specially trained ELST authorised to perform ETI for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
¶In Japan, ELSTs are not allowed to use a rigid video laryngoscope before completion of additional training.
**Japanese version of cardiopulmonary resuscitation course.
††Japanese version of basic trauma life support course.
AOR, adjusted OR; ELST, emergency life-saving technicians; ETI, endotracheal intubation.