Table 2

Symptoms and date definitions

Symptoms usedOnset of first symptomDate of first
presentation in healthcare services
Date of first referralDate of diagnosis
Friese et al 8 (USA)
 Anaemia
 Packed red blood cell transfusion
 Back pain
NA1 year before diagnosisNASEER cancer diagnosis date
Howell et al 31 (UK)
 Tiredness
 Pain
 Shortness of breath
 Infections
 Joint problems/fractures
 Stomach/bowel symptoms
 Other
Patient reportedPatient reportedNADate provided by the haematological malignancy
Diagnostic service
Lyratzopoulos et al 26 (UK)
 Not reportedEstimated based on patient’s clinical records2 years before diagnosisDate that the referral letter was sentClinical records and hospital correspondence
Varga et al 29 (Hungary)
 Bone symptoms
 Anaemia
 Renal failure
 General symptoms
 Other
 Tumour presence
 Metastatic bone disease
NA3 years before diagnosisNATertiary haematology centre
Neal et al 25 (UK)
 Bleeding
 Bone pain
 Bruising
 Anaemia
 Fatigue
 Anorexia
 Weight loss
NA1 year before diagnosisNAFirst occurrence of a myeloma Read
Code in the patient’s record in CPRD database
Din et al 24 (UK)
 Bleeding
 Bone pain
 Bruising
 Anaemia
 Fatigue
 Anorexia
 Weight loss
NA1 year before diagnosisNAFirst occurrence of a myeloma Read
Code in the patient’s record in CPRD database
Lyratzopoulos et al 27 (UK)
 Not reportedNA2 years before diagnosisDate that the referral letter was sentClinical records and hospital correspondence
Goldschmidt et al 30 (Israel)*
 Pain (back, cervical spine, musculoskeletal, non-specific)
 Infection
 Weight loss
 Fatigue
 Peripheral oedema
 Constipation
 Presyncope
 Syncope
 Dizziness
NA2 years before diagnosisNAIsrael National Cancer Registry
Swann et al 28 (UK)
 Not reportedNA2 years before diagnosisDate that the referral letter was sentHospital Episode Statistics
NA-Not applicable