RRs of different types of cancer in patients with and without type 2 diabetes, by data source
| Type of cancer | Source | No of cancer cases in patients with type 2 diabetes | Incidence rate/1000 person-years | No of cancer cases in matched patients without diabetes mellitus | Incidence rate/1000 person-years | Age-adjusted, sex-adjusted, calendar year-adjusted RR (95% CI) | Fully adjusted RR* (95% CI) |
| Any cancer (excluding NMSC) | CPRD | 3073 | 1.61 | 3077 | 1.91 | 0.89 (0.84 to 0.93) | 0.90 (0.86 to 0.96) |
| HES APC | 2891 | 1.52 | 2893 | 1.79 | 0.89 (0.85 to 0.94) | 0.93 (0.88 to 0.99) | |
| Stomach | CPRD | 122 | 0.06 | 133 | 0.08 | 0.81 (0.63 to 1.04) | 0.83 (0.63 to 1.09) |
| HES APC | 111 | 0.06 | 127 | 0.08 | 0.79 (0.61 to 1.02) | 0.87 (0.65 to 1.15) | |
| Colorectal | CPRD | 377 | 0.19 | 338 | 0.20 | 1.00 (0.86 to 1.16) | 1.04 (0.88 to 1.22) |
| HES APC | 466 | 0.24 | 417 | 0.25 | 1.01 (0.88 to 1.15) | 1.05 (0.91 to 1.22) | |
| Pancreas | CPRD | 133 | 0.07 | 56 | 0.03 | 2.16 (1.58 to 2.96) | 3.08 (2.19 to 4.33) |
| HES APC | 201 | 0.10 | 81 | 0.05 | 2.27 (1.75 to 2.94) | 3.17 (2.40 to 4.20) | |
| Lung | CPRD | 333 | 0.17 | 449 | 0.27 | 0.66 (0.57 to 0.76) | 0.74 (0.63 to 0.87) |
| HES APC | 368 | 0.19 | 509 | 0.31 | 0.64 (0.56 to 0.74) | 0.74 (0.64 to 0.86) | |
| NMSC | CPRD | 811 | 0.42 | 935 | 0.57 | 0.79 (0.72 to 0.87) | 0.76 (0.68 to 0.84) |
| HES APC | 376 | 0.19 | 378 | 0.23 | 0.92 (0.79 to 1.06) | 0.87 (0.74 to 1.01) | |
| Breast | CPRD | 275 | 0.31 | 313 | 0.39 | 0.80 (0.68 to 0.94) | 0.79 (0.66 to 0.96) |
| HES APC | 251 | 0.28 | 263 | 0.33 | 0.87 (0.73 to 1.03) | 0.83 (0.68 to 1.01) | |
| Prostate | CPRD | 357 | 0.34 | 408 | 0.48 | 0.78 (0.68 to 0.90) | 0.71 (0.61 to 0.83) |
| HES APC | 305 | 0.29 | 336 | 0.39 | 0.82 (0.70 to 0.96) | 0.79 (0.66 to 0.93) | |
| Urinary | CPRD | 207 | 0.11 | 172 | 0.10 | 1.08 (0.88 to 1.32) | 1.07 (0.85 to 1.34) |
| HES APC | 338 | 0.17 | 291 | 0.18 | 1.04 (0.89 to 1.22) | 1.01 (0.85 to 1.21) | |
| Lymphoma | CPRD | 105 | 0.05 | 105 | 0.06 | 0.88 (0.67 to 1.15) | 0.88 (0.65 to 1.19) |
| HES APC | 116 | 0.06 | 94 | 0.06 | 1.09 (0.83 to 1.43) | 1.13 (0.83 to 1.54) | |
| Leukaemia | CPRD | 84 | 0.04 | 77 | 0.05 | 0.99 (0.72 to 1.34) | 1.04 (0.74 to 1.46) |
| HES APC | 63 | 0.03 | 70 | 0.04 | 0.80 (0.57 to 1.13) | 0.95 (0.65 to 1.39) |
*Fully adjusted for age, sex, year of start of follow-up, smoking status, use of alcohol, body mass index, prescribing in the 6 months prior to the start of follow-up (angiotensin II receptor blockers, antiplatelets, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, nitrates, NSAIDs or aspirin and statins), Index of Multiple Deprivation and medical history (coronary heart disease, coronary revascularisation, hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, renal impairment and stable angina).
CPRD, Clinical Practice Research Datalink; HES APC, Hospital Episode Statistics Admitted Patient Care; NMSC, non-melanoma skin cancer; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; RRs, relative rates.