Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), age, rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) by smoking and vapour, gas, dust and fumes (VGDF) exposure
| Median IMD (IQR) | Median age at diagnosis (IQR) | Median RF (IQR) | Median ACPA (IQR) | |
| Never smoker, no VGDF exposure n=58 | 4 (3–5) | 58 (42–68) | 24 (8–62)†‡ | 47 (0–250)** |
| Never smoker, VGDF exposure n=105 | 4 (4–6) | 54 (43–66) | 36 (11–114)† | 96 (0–351)†† |
| Never smoker, two or more VGDF exposures n=51 | 4 (4–6) | 54 (42–63) | 57 (20–142)‡ | 100 (0–361)‡‡ |
| Smoker, no VGDF exposure n=120 | 4 (3–5) | 57 (42–68)* | 71 (16–177)§¶ | 219 (15–363)** |
| Smoker, VGDF exposure n=443 | 4 (3–5) | 54 (46–63) | 95 (22–245)§ | 225 (29–471)†† |
| Smoker, two or more VGDF exposures n=203 | 4 (3–5) | 53 (44–61)* | 113 (27–240)¶ | 228 (44–473)‡‡ |
*P=0.03.
†P=0.03.
‡P=0.02.
§P=0.04.
¶P=0.01.
**P=0.02.
††P<0.01.
‡‡P=0.03.