Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative likelihood ratios for detecting type 2 diabetes at selected glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) thresholds for participants in Karonga and Lilongwe, Malawi, 2013–2017
| HbA1c threshold | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | Positive likelihood ratio | Negative likelihood ratio | ||
| % | mg/dL | SD | ||||
| 6.0 | 126 | +1.0 | 84.4 | 86.9 | 6.5 | 0.18 |
| 6.5* | 140 | +1.7 | 78.7 | 94.0 | 13.3 | 0.23 |
| 6.6† | 143 | +1.8 | 78.3 | 94.6 | 14.5 | 0.23 |
| 6.7 | 146 | +2.0 | 76.5 | 96.0 | 19.0 | 0.25 |
| 7.4 | 166 | +3.0 | 66.3 | 98.5 | 43.3 | 0.34 |
| 8.1 | 186 | +4.0 | 54.8 | 99.5 | 117.4 | 0.45 |
Figures are reweighted by the inverse probability of receiving HbA1c testing.
*Diagnostic threshold recommended by American Diabetes Association, European Association for the Study of Diabetes, International Diabetes Federation and WHO.
†Threshold identified by Youden’s J statistic
SD, standard deviations from the mean HbA1c score among diabetes-negative participants.