Table 1

Study settings, designs and sample sizes

Authors	Design	Duration	Country	Setting	Number and type of hospitals
Lumala et al, 201713	ITS	10 months	Uganda	Urban	One tertiary specialist hospital, catholic funded private non-profit
Mgaya et al , 201714	NCBA	25 months	Tanzania	Urban	One tertiary specialist hospital
Kayiga et al, 201615	NCBA	7 months	Uganda	Urban	One tertiary specialist hospital
Mohd Azri et al, 201516	NCBA	2 years	Malaysia	Urban	One tertiary specialist hospital
Gebrehiwot and Tewolde, 201417	NCBA	18 months	Ethiopia	Urban	10 public hospitals
Baltag et al, 201218	NCBA	13 moths	Moldova	Mixed	Three mixed (referral-level facilities at municipal, national and district levels)
Kidanto et al, 201219	NCBA	3 years	Tanzania	Urban	One teaching hospital
Sukhanberdiyev et al, 201120 and Hodorogea, 201021	NCBA	2 years	Kazakhstan	Urban	Six mixed (national research centre, regional and city hospitals)
Van den Akker et al, 201122	ITS	2 years	Malawi	Rural	29 mixed (one referral hospital and 28 government, private and mission smaller facilities)
Bailey et al, 201023	NCBA	2 years	Vietnam	Mixed	Five mixed (provincial, area and district)
Van den Akker et al, 200924	NCBA	1 year	Malawi	Rural	One referral hospital+undefined numbers of health centres
Hunyinbo et al, 200825	NCBA	13 months	Nigeria	Urban	One tertiary specialist hospital
Kongnyuy et al, 200826	NCBA	2 years	Malawi	Mixed	73 mixed (hospitals, health centres)
Kongnyuy et al, 200827	NCBA	6 months	Malawi	Rural	One district hospital, 12 satellite health centres
Weeks et al, 200528	NCBA	20 months	Uganda	Urban	One teaching hospital
Wagaarachchi et al, 200129	NCBA	26 months	Ghana and Jamaica	Urban	Four district hospitals

ITS, intermittent time series; NCBA, non-controlled before and after study.