Multivariable analysis using the Weibull Cox regression model for predictors of first-line ART failure of HIV-positive children at public hospitals in north-west Ethiopia, January 2010–March 2016
| Variables | Survival status | Incidence density/10 000 | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | |
| Censored | Event | ||||
| Sex of child | |||||
| Male | 357 | 22 | 17 | 1 | |
| Female | 404 | 41 | 27 | 1.63 (0.97 to 2.74) | * |
| Disclosure status | |||||
| No | 586 | 56 | 25 | 2.35 (1.07 to 5.16) | 4.51 (1.78 to 11.45) |
| Yes | 175 | 7 | 11 | 1 | 1 |
| Duration of follow-up in months | |||||
| ≤34 | 424 | 25 | 32 | 1 | 1 |
| ≥35 | 337 | 38 | 18 | 0.05 (0.02 to 0.10) | 0.06 (0.02 to 0.19) |
| Baseline OIs | |||||
| No | 567 | 39 | 19 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 194 | 24 | 30 | 1.47 (0.88 to 2.44) | 2.27 (1.29 to 3.99) |
| Baseline CD4 count, cells/mm3 | |||||
| <200 | 130 | 15 | 27 | 1.45 (0.66 to 3.15) | * |
| 200–350 | 158 | 8 | 15 | 0.88 (0.35 to 2.19) | * |
| 351–500 | 294 | 29 | 26 | 1.41 (0.71 to 2.83) | |
| ≥500 | 179 | 11 | 18 | 1 | |
| Baseline NNRTI regimen | |||||
| NVP | 544 | 44 | 20 | 1 | |
| EFV | 202 | 16 | 26 | 1.54 (0.87 to 2.72) | * |
| LVP/r | 15 | 3 | 62 | 4.33 (1.34 to 13.99) | * |
| Year of initiations | |||||
| ≤2013 | 402 | 41 | 19 | 1 | |
| ≥2014 | 359 | 22 | 30 | 7.33 (3.74 to 14.36) | * |
| Weight for age z-score | |||||
| <−2 SD | 295 | 32 | 25 | 0.49 (0.17 to 1.40) | * |
| −2 SD to 2 SD | 408 | 27 | 19 | 0.38 (0.13 to 1.11) | * |
| >2 SD | 58 | 4 | 29 | 1 | |
| Adherence | |||||
| Poor (<95%) | 349 | 28 | 21 | 0.98 (0.60 to 1.63) | * |
| Good (≥95%) | 412 | 35 | 23 | 1 | |
| Drug substitutions | |||||
| No | 494 | 31 | 22 | 1.44 (0.87 to 2.38) | * |
| Yes | 267 | 32 | 22 | 1 | |
*Non-significant from the Weibull Cox regression model at 5% level of significance.
ART, antiretroviral therapy; EFV, efavirenz; LPV/r, Lopinavir; NNRTI, Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NVP, nevirapine; OIs, opportunistic infections.