Indications for CS within Robson group in an Ethiopian university hospital
| Indications | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | Group 5 | Group 6 | Group 7 | Group 8 | Group 9 | Group 10 | Total n (%) |
| Absolute maternal indications | 359 (36.6) | ||||||||||
| Obstructed labour* | 73 (38.6) | 4 (7.0) | 74 (35.2) | 6 (9.7) | 29 (14.0) | 3 (8.8) | 8 (11.8) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (15.6) | 2 (3.3) | 204 (20.8) |
| Major APH | 1 (0.5) | 1 (1.8) | 32 (15.2) | 17 (27.4) | 11 (5.3) | 2 (5.9) | 6 (8.8) | 6 (10.0) | 2 (6.3) | 21 (34.4) | 99 (10.1) |
| Malpresentation† | 5 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) | 16 (7.6) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (5.0) | 23 (71.8) | 0 (0.0) | 51 (5.2) |
| Uterine rupture | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (1.6) | 2 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (0.5) |
| Non-absolute indications | 621 (63.4) | ||||||||||
| Fetal compromise‡ | 101 (53.5) | 13 (22.8) | 65 (31.0) | 11 (17.7) | 20 (9.7) | 6 (17.6) | 8 (11.8) | 5 (8.3) | 2 (6.3) | 7 (11.5) | 238 (24.3) |
| Previous CS | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 136 (65.7) | 0 (0.0) | 18 (26.5) | 5 (8.3) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (11.5) | 166 (16.9) |
| Failure to progress§ | 6 (3.2) | 32 (56.1) | 5 (2.4) | 21 (33.9) | 3 (1.4) | 7 (20.6) | 9 (13.2) | 3 (5.0) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (16.4) | 96 (9.8) |
| Breech presentation | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 16 (47.1) | 19 (27.9) | 21 (35.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 56 (5.7) |
| (Severe pre-) eclampsia | 1 (0.5) | 2 (3.5) | 3 (1.4) | 2 (3.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.00 | 12 (20.0) | 0 (0.0) | 13 (21.3) | 33 (3.4) |
| Others | 1 (0.5) | 5 (8.8) | 14 (6.7) | 4 (6.5) | 2 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (8.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.6) | 32 (3.3) |
| Total n (%) | 189 (100) | 57 (100) | 210 (100) | 62 (100) | 207 (100) | 34 (100) | 68 (100) | 60 (100) | 32 (100) | 61 (100) | 980 (100) |
*Cephalopelvic disproportion, macrosomia and unspecified disproportions.
†Transverse, oblique or brow.
‡Fetal distress, cord prolapse and intrauterine growth restriction.
§Prolonged labour, cervical arrest and failed induction.
APH, antepartum haemorrhage; CS, caesarean section.