Research methods adopted
| Study design | No of studies (%) | Reference no |
| Audit | 3 (2.4) | 40 41 83 |
| Case study | 6 (4.8) | 57 69 75 96 136 140 |
| Scoping review | 1 (0.8) | 42 |
| Qualitative | 11 (8.8) | 28 34 47 48 59 81 82 90 132 149 167 |
| Mixed methods | 23 (18.4) | 27 29–31 36 49 51–53 56 61 65–67 70 89 104 109 118 141 142 146 147 |
| Controlled before and after study | 15 (12) | 39 54 63 64 68 73 79 88 114 120 130 131 134 144 148 |
| Service evaluation | 18 (14.4) | 35 38 43 72 74 80 85–87 91 93 94 112 116 119 121 124 137 |
| Survey | 12 (9.6) | 58 60 76 84 100 105 108 110 123 135 143 150 |
| Description of model | 35 (28) | 32 33 37 44–46 50 55 62 77 78 92 95 97–99 101–103 106 107 111 113 115 117 122 125–129 133 138 139 145 |
| Prospective observational study | 1 (0.8) | 71 |