Absolute rates of gluten-free prescribing per 1000 patients, stratified by various factors, followed by incidence rate ratios from a univariable Poisson model, then from a multivariable mixed-effects Poisson model
| Quintile boundaries | Median gluten-free prescriptions per 1000 patients | Univariable incidence rate ratio* | 95% CI | Multivariable incidence rate ratio† | 95% CI | |
| Composite measure score (lower percentile is better) | <39% | 13.44 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 39% to 44% | 16.18 | 1.08 | 1.06 to 1.10 | 1.08 | 1.06 to 1.09 | |
| 44% to 48% | 18.39 | 1.15 | 1.13 to 1.17 | 1.09 | 1.07 to 1.10 | |
| 48% to 53% | 19.29 | 1.18 | 1.16 to 1.20 | 1.09 | 1.07 to 1.11 | |
| >53% | 21.68 | 1.27 | 1.25 to 1.29 | 1.13 | 1.10 to 1.15 | |
| Quality Outcomes Framework score (maximum=559) | <522 | 14.13 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 522 to 541 | 16.92 | 1.17 | 1.15 to 1.19 | 1.10 | 1.08 to 1.12 | |
| 541 to 550 | 18.13 | 1.20 | 1.18 to 1.22 | 1.10 | 1.08 to 1.12 | |
| 550 to 556 | 19.45 | 1.26 | 1.24 to 1.28 | 1.09 | 1.07 to 1.11 | |
| >556 | 20.35 | 1.29 | 1.27 to 1.31 | 1.11 | 1.09 to 1.13 | |
| Index of Multiple Deprivation | Least deprived | 19.46 | Reference | Reference | ||
| – | 19.67 | 1.00 | 0.98 to 1.01 | 0.96 | 0.94 to 0.98 | |
| – | 17.36 | 0.93 | 0.91 to 0.94 | 0.95 | 0.93 to 0.97 | |
| – | 14.93 | 0.82 | 0.81 to 0.83 | 0.87 | 0.85 to 0.89 | |
| Most deprived | 17.62 | 0.94 | 0.92 to 0.95 | 0.89 | 0.87 to 0.91 | |
| Practice list size | <3784 | 12.35 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 3785 to 5796 | 17.49 | 1.16 | 1.14 to 1.17 | 1.18 | 1.16 to 1.20 | |
| 5798 to 8018 | 18.50 | 1.15 | 1.13 to 1.17 | 1.18 | 1.16 to 1.20 | |
| 8020 to 11 165 | 20.21 | 1.23 | 1.21 to 1.25 | 1.19 | 1.17 to 1.21 | |
| >11 165 | 19.11 | 1.16 | 1.14 to 1.18 | 1.17 | 1.15 to 1.19 | |
| Dispensing practice? | No | 17.57 | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 19.44 | 1.06 | 1.05 to 1.08 | 1.07 | 1.06 to 1.09 | |
| % of patients over 65 | <10.8% | 10.29 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 10.8% to 15.4% | 16.29 | 1.28 | 1.25 to 1.30 | 1.09 | 1.07 to 1.11 | |
| 15.4% to 18.8% | 19.31 | 1.47 | 1.44 to 1.49 | 1.22 | 1.20 to 1.25 | |
| 18.8% to 22.4% | 22.39 | 1.65 | 1.63 to 1.68 | 1.34 | 1.31 to 1.37 | |
| >22.4% | 22.83 | 1.68 | 1.65 to 1.70 | 1.46 | 1.42 to 1.50 | |
| % of patients with a long-term health condition | <47.0% | 12.82 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 47.0% to 51.5% | 17.34 | 1.19 | 1.17 to 1.20 | 0.99 | 0.97 to 1.00 | |
| 51.5% to 55.3% | 17.87 | 1.26 | 1.24 to 1.28 | 1.00 | 0.98 to 1.01 | |
| 55.4% to 59.7% | 21.26 | 1.36 | 1.34 to 1.38 | 0.99 | 0.97 to 1.01 | |
| >59.7% | 21.04 | 1.34 | 1.32 to 1.36 | 0.98 | 0.96 to 1.00 |
*Poisson regression.
†Mixed-effects Poisson regression, adjusted for all other variables in table as fixed effects, plus Clinical Commissioning Group as a random effect.