Baseline characteristics by CO allocation
| Questionnaire characteristic | Valid n | Care farm (all sites n =134) | Mean* or per cent† (95% CI) difference between CO allocation | Difference in categories between CO allocation (p value)‡ | |
| No (n=84) | Yes (n=50) | ||||
| Demographics | |||||
| Age at recruitment* | 134 | 32 (25.5, 41) | 33 (25, 41) | 1 (–3.57 to 5.57) | |
| Gender: female | 134 | 37 (44.1) | 2 (4) | <0.001 | |
| IMD: quintiles within cohort | |||||
| 1—most deprived | 132 | 22 (26.2) | 5 (10.4) | 0.08 | |
| 2 | 16 (19.1) | 10 (20.8) | |||
| 3 | 12 (14.3) | 15 (31.3) | |||
| 4 | 16 (19.1) | 10 (20.8) | |||
| 5—least deprived | 18 (21.4) | 8 (16.7) | |||
| IMD: English quintiles | |||||
| 1—most deprived | 132 | 39 (46.4) | 22 (45.8) | 0.83 | |
| 2 | 18 (21.4) | 11 (22.9) | |||
| 3 | 11 (13.1) | 9 (18.8) | |||
| 4 | 9 (10.7) | 4 (8.3) | |||
| 5—least deprived | 7 (8.3) | 2 (4.2) | |||
| Employment status: full-time employed, self-employed, education or training | 130 | 20 (25) | 13 (26) | 0.5 | |
| Part time employed or self-employed | 13 (16.3) | 4 (8) | |||
| Unemployed or unable to work | 32 (40) | 25 (50) | |||
| Other | 15 (18.8) | 8 (16) | |||
| Ethnic group: white British | 134 | 57 (67.9) | 44 (88) | 0.07 | |
| White: other | 3 (3.6) | 2 (4) | |||
| Asian or Asian British | 5 (6) | 1 (2) | |||
| Black or black British | 11 (13.1) | 1 (2) | |||
| Other or mixed | 8 (9.5) | 2 (4) | |||
| Probation type: CRC | 134 | 66 (78.6) | 42 (84) | 0.5 | |
| NPS | 18 (21.4) | 8 (16) | |||
| Outcomes from questionnaires | |||||
| CORE-OM score* | 93 | 7.1 (3.8, 12.1) | 7.4 (3.5, 15.15) | 0.3 (–4.1 to 4.7) | |
| WEMWBS score* | 124 | 52 (44, 57) | 51 (43, 55) | −1 (−6.9 to 4.9) | |
| Connected to Nature Score* | 130 | 3.67 (2.67, 4.17) | 3.415 (2.83, 4.17) | −0.34 (–0.76 to 0.08) | |
| Health and lifestyle questions | |||||
| Number of days of >30 min physical activity in the last week† | 125 | 4 (1, 7) | 4 (3, 7) | 9.81 (–9.04 to 32.58) | |
| Used substances during the past 4 weeks: yes | 122 | 18 (24) | 22 (46.8) | 0.01 | |
| Number of days out of last seven drank alcohol† | 103 | 2 (0, 3) | 2 (0, 4) | 18.43 (–24.04 to 84.66) | |
| Smoker: yes | 133 | 47 (56.6) | 39 (78) | 0.02 | |
| Healthy foods are enjoyable: strongly agree | 131 | 43 (52.4) | 13 (26.5) | 0.003 | |
| Agree | 29 (35.4) | 18 (36.7) | |||
| Neither agree nor disagree | 9 (11) | 14 (28.6) | |||
| Disagree | 0 (0) | 2 (4.1) | |||
| Strongly disagree | 1 (1.2) | 2 (4.1) | |||