Costs (€) | Cost–utility analysis | Cost–benefit analysis | ||||
QALYs (SD) | ICER | Absenteeism (SD) | Absenteeism (€)* | Net benefit† | ||
Control | 42.94 | −0.01 (0.11) | +0.34 (5.38) | 49.12 | −92.06 | |
Probabilistic | 42.91 | −0.01 (0.19) | +0.36 (5.40) | |||
System level | 49.02 | +0.05 (0.11) | €101.37/QALY‡ | −0.71 (3.67) | −102.58 | 53.56 |
Probabilistic | 48.99 | +0.06 (0.19) | €100.76/QALY | −0.76 (3.66) | ||
95th percentile range | (€35.84–€147.93) | |||||
Education | 97.13 | +0.03 (0.12) | Dominated by system level | −0.36 (4.67) | −52.01 | −45.12 |
Probabilistic | 97.06 | +0.03 (0.14) | −0.35 (4.63) | |||
Combined | 102.40 | +0.01 (0.09) | Dominated by system level | −0.78 (5.43) | −112.69 | 10.29 |
Probabilistic | 102.33 | +0.01 (0.14) | −0.79 (5.46) |
*Cost per absent day €144.48.27
†Net benefit=benefits (€)—costs (€).
‡System-level versus control: (incremental costs/incremental QALYs).
ICER, Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio; QALYs, quality-adjusted life-years.