Registration characteristics of included trials
| Study characteristic | N (%) | ||
| All trials n=192 | Financial ties present n=130 | Financial ties absent n=62 | |
| Registered at any time | 186 (97) | 130 (100) | 56 (90)* |
| Registered prospectively | 131 (68) | 101 (78) | 30 (48)* |
| Prospectively registered with clearly defined primary outcome | 103 (54) | 81 (62) | 22 (35)* |
| Prospectively registered and published primary outcomes are consistent | 76 (40) | 62 (48) | 14 (23)* |
| Prospectively registered primary outcome inconsistent with published primary outcome | 27 (14) | 19 (15) | 8 (13) |
| Registered primary outcome reported as secondary outcome in published manuscript | 11 (6) | 7 (5) | 4 (6) |
| Registered primary outcome not reported in published manuscript | 5 (3) | 5 (4) | 0 (0) |
| Published manuscript includes new primary outcome | 12 (6) | 10 (8) | 2 (3) |
| Published primary outcome described as secondary in registry | 4 (2) | 3 (2) | 1 (2) |
| Timing of assessment of primary outcome variable differs between registry and manuscript | 7 (4) | 6 (5) | 1 (2) |
| Does registration discrepancy favour statistically significant published results? | n=27 | n=19 | n=8 |
| Yes | 14 (52) | 12 (63) | 2 (25) |
| No | 8 (30) | 3 (16) | 5 (63) |
| Unknown | 5 (19) | 4 (21) | 1 (13) |
*P≤0.001.