Table 2

Inclusion and exclusion criteria for the NARES trial

Inclusion criteriaExclusion criteria

  • 0 (>37 weeks’ gestation)–16 years of age (15 years+364 days)

  • Oral or nasal endotracheal tube

  • Conventional mechanical ventilation

  • Likely to be ventilated for >24 hours*

  • Cardiac surgery in this admission†

  • Air leak syndrome‡

  • Ventilated for >48 hours prior to screening

  • Previous study enrolment in this hospital admission

  • Pulmonary hypoplasia

  • Current diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia

  • Tracheal reconstruction

  • Cystic fibrosis

  • *Determined as per patient plan in morning or evening medical rounds.

  • †Postcardiac surgery patients are excluded from enrolment due to the safety considerations associated with the lung recruitment manoeuvre.

  • ‡In the presence of an air leak syndrome, it is at the discretion of the treating physician to include or exclude the patient in the trial.

  • NARES, Normal saline instillation versus no normal saline instillation And lung Recruitment versus no lung recruitment with paediatric Endotracheal Suction.