Patient characteristics
| All 8 weeks | Eight-week infarct | No infarct | P | OR (95% CI) | |
| All patients | 122 | 43 | 79 | ||
| Female sex, n | 52 (43%) | 15 (35%) | 37 (47%) | 0.251* | 0.61 (0.28 to 1.31) |
| Age, median (IQR) | 65 (54–71) | 60 (53–70) | 65 (55–74) | 0.228† | – |
| Medical history | |||||
| Prior stroke | 22 (18%) | 6 (14%) | 16 (20%) | 0.466* | 0.64 (0.23 to 1.78) |
| Prior TIA | 12 (10%) | 7 (16%) | 5 (6%) | 0.111* | 2.87 (0.85 to 9.70) |
| Prior MI | 9 (7%) | 2 (5%) | 7 (9%) | 0.491* | 0.50 (0.10 to 2.53) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 12 (10%) | 7 (16%) | 5 (6%) | 0.111* | 2.89 (0.85 to 9.70) |
| Hypertension | 60 (49%) | 26 (60%) | 34 (43%) | 0.088* | 2.02 (0.95 to 4.31) |
| Diabetes | 16 (13%) | 8 (19%) | 8 (10%) | 0.261* | 2.03 (0.70 to 5.86) |
| Depression | 14 (11%) | 7 (16%) | 7 (9%) | 0.244* | 2.00 (0.65 to 6.14) |
| Current smoking | 43 (35%) | 18 (42%) | 25 (32%) | 0.324* | 1.53 (0.71 to 3.30) |
| Alcohol overuse | 12 (10%) | 5 (12%) | 7 (9%) | 0.754* | 1.32 (0.39 to 4.43) |
| Antiplatelet use | 40 (33%) | 13 (30%) | 27 (34%) | 0.692* | 0.84 (0.38 to 1.86) |
| Warfarin | 2 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 1 (1%) | 1.000* | 1.86 (0.11 to 30.5) |
| Index TIA | |||||
| ABCD2 | 4 (3–5) | 4 (3–5) | 4 (3–5) | 0.485† | – |
| Symptom duration | 0.852* | ||||
| <60 min | 58 | 21 (36%) | 37 (64%) | 1.00 | |
| >60 min | 64 | 22 (34%) | 42 (66%) | 0.93 (0.44 to 1.94) | |
| Imaging findings | |||||
| TTS (hours) | 32 (24–57) | 41 (22–66) | 29 (24–50) | 0.367† | – |
| DWI-positive | 50 | 42 (84%) | 8 (16%) | <0.0001* | NA |
| Sum of DWI-lesion area, cm2 | 0.41 (0.21–1.08) | 0.53 (0.31–1.22) | 0.09 (0.07–0.22) | <0.0001† | – |
| Ipsilateral cervical carotid stenosis | 5 (4%) | 1 (2%) | 4 (5%) | 0.656* | 0.45 (0.05 to 4.13) |
| Contralateral cervical carotid stenosis | 6 (5%) | 1 (2%) | 5 (6%) | 0.522* | 0.35 (0.04 to 3.12) |
| Ipsilateral intracranial stenosis‡ | 9 (12%) | 1 (4%) | 8 (17%) | 0.144* | 0.19 (0.02 to 1.63) |
| Contralateral intracranial stenosis‡ | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | 0.450* | NA |
| TOAST aetiology | 0.727* | ||||
| Small vessels | 49 | 16 (33%) | 33 (67%) | 1.00 | |
| Large vessels | 28 | 12 (43%) | 16 (7%) | 1.55 (0.59 to 4.03) | |
| Cardiogenic | 18 | 5 (28%) | 13 (72%) | 0.79 (0.24 to 2.61) | |
| Multiple possible aetiologies | 27 | 10 (37%) | 17 (63%) | 1.21 (0.45 to 3.24) | |
| TTF (days) | 56 (55–60) | 55 (55–60) | 56 (55–60) | 0.832† | – |
*Fisher’s exact test.
†Mann-Whitney U test.
‡CTA or TCD available in 75 patients, hereof 28 with 8-week infarction signs.
CTA, CT angiography; DWI, diffusion-weighted imaging; MI, myocardial infarction; NA, not applicable; TCD, transcranial Doppler; TIA, transient ischaemic attack; TOAST, Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment; TTF, time to follow-up; TTS, time to scan.