Possible risk factors of neonatal pneumonia
| Category | Factors |
| Patient-related | Age Gender Low birth weight Small-for-age Prematurity Birth order APGAR score at birth Concomitant conditions/comorbid illnesses (eg, congenital heart disease, asthma, haemoglobin, cyanosis, hypothermia) Congenital malformations Feeding practices Others |
| Parent-related | Sociodemographics Economic Cultural practices in the context Medical history Vaccination Healthcare-seeking knowledge, attitude, behaviour Family planning variables Others |
| Maternal and pregnancy- related | Gestational age Intrauterine growth restriction Conditions/diseases in pregnancy Urinary tract infections Mode and place of delivery Skilled birth attendance Foul-smelling liquor Prolonged rupture of membranes Prolonged labour Intrapartum fever Others |
| Environment- related | Place of residence (eg, urban, rural, periurban) Housing Overcrowding Water, sanitation and hygiene Indoor air pollution (including cooking smoke, mosquito coils/repellents, secondhand smoke exposure) Pets/livestock Rainfall Outdoor air pollution Seasonality Others |
| Health s ystem - related | |
| Iatrogenic | |