Determinants of hospitalisation for the older population in NSS 1995–1996 and NSS 2014, India
| Background characteristics | Whether hospitalised | |||||||
| β1995–1996 | Exp (β 1995–1996) | 95% CI for Exp (β1995–1996) | β2014 | Exp (β2014) | 95% CI for Exp (β2014) | β2014–β1995–1996 | P value for Wald test (β2014–β1995–1996) | |
| Predisposing variables | ||||||||
| Age (years) (ref.=60–69) | ||||||||
| 70 years or more | −0.028 | 0.97 | (0.83 to 1.14) | 0.124 | 1.13 | (0.99 to 1.29) | 0.152 | 0.147 |
| Sex (ref.=male) | ||||||||
| Female | −0.352 | 0.70 | (0.60 to 0.83) | −0.050 | 0.95 | (0.83 to 1.10) | 0.302 | 0.006 |
| Marital status (ref.=currently married) | ||||||||
| Single | −0.416 | 0.66 | (0.57 to 0.77) | −0.130 | 0.88 | (0.76 to 1.02) | 0.286 | 0.009 |
| Caste (ref.=non-SC/STs) | ||||||||
| SC/STs | 0.017 | 1.02 | (0.84 to 1.23) | −0.211 | 0.81 | (0.70 to 0.94) | −0.229 | 0.060 |
| Literacy status (ref.=literate) | ||||||||
| Illiterate | −0.278 | 0.76 | (0.63 to 0.91) | −0.224 | 0.80 | (0.70 to 0.92) | 0.055 | 0.645 |
| Enabling variables | ||||||||
| Place of residence (ref.=urban) | ||||||||
| Rural | −0.112 | 0.89 | (0.76 to 1.04) | −0.032 | 0.97 | (0.85 to 1.11) | 0.080 | 0.446 |
| States (ref.= more developed) | ||||||||
| Less developed | −1.070 | 0.34 | (0.29 to 0.40) | −0.619 | 0.54 | (0.47 to 0.61) | 0.451 | <0.001 |
| Economic dependence (ref.= independent) | ||||||||
| Economically dependent | 0.281 | 1.32 | (1.08 to 1.62) | 0.004 | 1.00 | (0.85 to 1.18) | −0.277 | 0.035 |
| Economic status (ref.=non-poor) | ||||||||
| Poor | −0.895 | 0.41 | (0.35 to 0.48) | −0.462 | 0.63 | (0.55 to 0.72) | 0.432 | <0.001 |
| Living arrangement (ref.=living with family) | ||||||||
| Living alone | 0.197 | 1.22 | (0.85 to 1.74) | 0.757 | 2.13 | (1.44 to 3.16) | 0.560 | 0.039 |
| Need variables | ||||||||
| Physical mobility status (ref.= mobile) | ||||||||
| Immobile | 0.400 | 1.49 | (1.21 to 1.84) | 0.617 | 1.85 | (1.51 to 2.27) | 0.217 | 0.149 |
| Current self-rated health (ref.=good SRH) | ||||||||
| Poor SRH | 0.884 | 2.42 | (1.91 to 3.07) | 0.736 | 2.09 | (1.78 to 2.44) | −0.149 | 0.306 |
| SRH compared with last year (ref.=better or nearly the same) | ||||||||
| Worse SRH | 0.475 | 1.61 | (1.31 to 1.98) | 0.515 | 1.67 | (1.44 to 1.94) | 0.039 | 0.763 |
| Constant | −2.466 | 0.08 | (0.07 to 0.10) | −2.238 | 0.11 | (0.09 to 0.12) | 0.228 | 0.037 |
| F-adjusted test statistic | 1.61 | 0.81 | ||||||
| P value | 0.106 | 0.611 | ||||||
| N | 32 780 | 27 234 | ||||||
NSS, National Sample Survey; SC/STs, Scheduled castes/scheduled tribes.